Catalysts For The Production Of Acrylic Acid Or Its Derivatives
AssigneeThe Procter & Gamble Company
InventorsJuan Estaban Velasquez, Janette Villalobos Lingoes, Dimitris Ioannis Collis, Jane Ellen Godlewski, Marc Andrew Mamak
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Abstract
Catalysts for dehydrating hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof with high yield and selectivity, short residence time, and without significant conversion to undesired side products, such as, for example, acetaldehyde, propionic acid, and acetic acid, are provided. The catalysts are mixed protonated monophosphates. Methods of preparing the catalysts are also provided.
Claims41
A catalyst comprising:
- a. monohydrogen monophosphate anions described by formula (I):
- [HPO4]2−;
- b. dihydrogen monophosphate anions described by formula (II):
- [H2PO4]−;
- and
- c. at least two different cations;
- wherein the catalyst is essentially neutrally charged;
- and further, wherein the molar ratio of said monohydrogen monophosphate anion to said dihydrogen monophosphate anion in said catalyst is between about 0.1 and about 10.
A method of preparing a catalyst comprising combining BaHPO4 and KH2PO4 in a molar ratio between about 3:2 and about 2:3 to form a solid mixture, and grinding said solid mixture to produce said catalyst.
A method of preparing a catalyst comprising:
- a. combining BaHPO4 and KH2PO4 in a molar ratio between about 3:2 and about 2:3 to form a solid mixture;
- b. grinding said solid mixture to produce a mixed powder;
- c. calcining said mixed powder at about 550° C. to produce a condensed phosphate mixture;
- and
- d. contacting said condensed phosphate mixture with a gaseous mixture comprising water and lactic acid at a temperature of about 350° C. and a total pressure of about 25 bar to produce said catalyst, and wherein the partial pressure of water in said gaseous mixture is about 12.5 bar.
A method of preparing a catalyst comprising the following steps:
- a. combining K2HPO4, Ba(NO3)2, H3PO4, and water to form a wet mixture, wherein the molar ratio of Ba(NO3)2, K2HPO4, and H3PO4 is about 3:1:4;
- b. heating said wet mixture to about 80° C. with stirring until near dryness to form a wet solid;
- c. calcining said wet solid stepwise at about 50° C., about 80° C., about 120° C., and about 450° C. to about 550° C. to produce a dried solid;
- and
- d. contacting said dried solid with a gaseous mixture comprising water and lactic acid at a temperature of about 350° C. and a total pressure of about 25 bar to produce said catalyst, and wherein the partial pressure of water in said gaseous mixture is about 12.5 bar.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.