# US 2019/0173724 A1 · Apparatus and method for superposition transmissions

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- Number: US 2019/0173724 A1
- Document ID: US20190173724A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 16/270,133
- Filed: 2019-02-07
- Published: 2019-06-06
- Earliest claimed: 2015-06-09
- Assignees: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Hyukjoon KWON; Linbo Li; Jungwon Lee; Sandeep Krishnamurthy
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190173724A1

## CPC

- H04L 27/3405: {Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power}
- H04L 1/0001: {Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff (adaptive data allocation for multicarrier modulation H04L5/0044; controlling transmission power for radio systems H04W52/04)}
- H04L 1/007: {Unequal error protection (for format H04L1/0078; for codes per se H03M13/35)}
- H04L 5/003: {Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path}
- H04L 27/18: Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying (H04L27/32 takes precedence)
- H04W 72/0473: {the resource being transmission power}
- H04L 1/0003: {by switching between different modulation schemes}
- H04L 1/0009: {by adapting the channel coding (H04L1/1812 takes precedence)}
- H04L 27/3411: {reducing the peak to average power ratio or the mean power of the constellation; Arrangements for increasing the shape gain of a signal set}
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

Apparatuses, systems, and methods are described concerning a new type of superposition multiplexing transmission constellation (super-constellation): the Gray-mapped Non-uniform-capable Constellation (GNC). Apparatuses, systems, and methods for generating GNC super-constellations are described, as well as apparatuses, systems, and methods for receiving, demapping, and decoding transmissions using GNC super-constellations. Apparatuses, systems, and methods for selecting a type of superposition multiplexing transmission constellation based on various conditions are also described.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of selecting a superposition constellation comprising two or more user equipment (UE) constellations, comprising:
determining which type of superposition constellation (super-constellation) to generate based at least on a power ratio among the two or more UEs, wherein one type of super-constellation is a Gray-mapped Non-uniform-capable Constellation (GNC), in which both the constituent constellations of the two or more UEs and the GNC super-constellation itself are Gray-mapped; and
when the determined type of superposition constellation is the GNC super-constellation, generating the determined type of superposition constellation by mapping the GNC super-constellation from outermost bits to innermost bits according to each of K number of UEs.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein, if each of the K UEs uses Quaternary Phase Key Shifting (QPSK) modulation for a single-user constellation, mapping the GNC super-constellation can be represented by:
(b0,b1,b2,b3, . . . ,b2k-2,b2K-2)=(b0,b1)⊕(b2,b3) . . . ⊕(b2K-2,b2K-1),
where (b0, b1) are two bits for a first UE and the outermost bits, (b2, b3) are two bits for a second UE, and so on, until (b2K-2, b2K-1), two bits for a Kth UE and the innermost bits.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining which type of super-constellation to generate comprises:
determining whether to perform bit-swapping among the two or more UEs in the super-constellation.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining which type of super-constellation to generate is also based on at least one of target throughput, target Block Error Rate (BLER), Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) of at least one of the two or more UEs, and the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) rank of at least one of the two or more UEs.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining which type of super-constellation to generate comprises:
finding the type of super-constellation in a look-up table (LUT).

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the two or more UEs comprise K number of UEs and determining which type of super-constellation to generate is based at least on values of α0, α1, α2, . . . , αK-1, where αi is the transmission power allocated to UEi, and α1+α2+ . . . +αK-1=1.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein which type of super-constellation to generate is determined based at least on whether one or more values of α0, α1, α2, . . . , αK-1 being greater than, equal to, or less than a threshold.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein which type of super-constellation to generate is determined based at least on whether one or more values of α0, α1, α2, . . . , αK-1 fall within one or more range of values.

### Claim 9

An apparatus for selecting a superposition constellation comprising two or more user equipment (UE) constellations, comprising:
at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions capable of execution by a processor; and
at least one processor capable of executing instructions stored on the at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium, where the execution of the instructions results in the apparatus performing a method comprising:
determining which type of superposition constellation (super-constellation) to generate based at least on a power ratio among the two or more UEs, wherein one type of super-constellation is a Gray-mapped Non-uniform-capable Constellation (GNC), in which both the constituent constellations of the two or more UEs and the GNC super-constellation itself are Gray-mapped; and
when the determined type of superposition constellation is the GNC super-constellation, generating the determined type of superposition constellation by mapping the GNC super-constellation from outermost bits to innermost bits according to each of K number of UEs.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein, if each of the K UEs uses Quaternary Phase Key Shifting (QPSK) modulation for a single-user constellation, mapping the GNC super-constellation can be represented by:
(b0,b1,b2,b3, . . . ,b2k-2,b2K-2)=(b0,b1)⊕(b2,b3) . . . ⊕(b2K-2,b2K-1),
where (b0, b1) are two bits for a first UE and the outermost bits, (b2, b3) are two bits for a second UE, and so on, until (b2K-2, b2K-1), two bits for a Kth UE and the innermost bits.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein determining which type of super-constellation to generate comprises:
determining whether to perform bit-swapping among the two or more UEs in the super-constellation.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein determining which type of super-constellation to generate is also based on at least one of target throughput, target Block Error Rate (BLER), Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) of at least one of the two or more UEs, and the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) rank of at least one of the two or more UEs.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein determining which type of super-constellation to generate comprises:
finding the type of super-constellation in a look-up table (LUT).

### Claim 14 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the two or more UEs comprise K number of UEs and determining which type of super-constellation to generate is based at least on values of α0, α1, α2, . . . , αK-1, where αi is the transmission power allocated to UEi, and α1+α2+ . . . ++K-1=1.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The apparatus of claim 14, wherein which type of super-constellation to generate is determined based at least on whether one or more values of α0, α1, α2, . . . , αK-1 being greater than, equal to, or less than a threshold.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The apparatus of claim 14, wherein which type of super-constellation to generate is determined based at least on whether one or more values of α0, α1, α2, . . . , αK-1 fall within one or more range of values.