# US 2019/0173587 A1 · Wavefront Shaping with Coherent Optical Sensing > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0173587 A1 - Document ID: US20190173587A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/210,183 - Filed: 2018-12-05 - Published: 2019-06-06 - Earliest claimed: 2017-12-05 - Assignees: The Johns Hopkins University - Applicants: The Johns Hopkins University - Inventors: Scott M. Hendrickson; David W. Blodgett; Clare W. Lau; Jeremiah J. Wathen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190173587A1 ## CPC - H04B 10/614: {comprising one or more polarization beam splitters, e.g. polarization multiplexed [PolMux] X-PSK coherent receivers, polarization diversity heterodyne coherent receivers (H04J14/06 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/0066: {Optical coherence imaging} - G01J 3/0205: {Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows} - G01J 3/0229: {using masks, aperture plates, spatial light modulators or spatial filters, e.g. reflective filters} - G01J 3/4412: {Scattering spectrometry (particle sizing by light scattering G01N15/0205; optical velocimetry of particles G01P5/20, G01P5/26)} - G01J 9/02: by interferometric methods (using interferometers for measuring optically the linear dimensions of objects G01B9/02) - G01N 21/4795: {spatially resolved investigating of object in scattering medium (in vivo A61B)} - G01N 21/49: within a body or fluid - G02B 27/0025: {for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration} - G02B 27/48: Laser speckle optics - H04B 10/6161: {Compensation of chromatic dispersion} - H04B 10/6165: {Estimation of the phase of the received optical signal, phase error estimation or phase error correction} - H04B 10/676: {for all-optical demodulation of the input optical signal} - H04B 13/005: {Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the human body} - A61B 5/7203: {for noise prevention, reduction or removal} - G01J 2009/0211: {for measuring coherence} - G01N 2021/479: {Speckle} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - G01J: MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY (light sources F21, H01J, H01K, H05B; investigating properties of materials by optical means G01N) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS ## Abstract An example imaging system may include a spatial light modulator and a coherent optical receiver. The spatial light modulator may be configured to receive an optical input wave and perform wavefront shaping on the optical input wave to output a shaped wave. The coherent optical receiver may include an optical local oscillator, an optical beam splitter, an optical detector, and processing circuitry. The optical detector may be configured to receive a mixed wave from the optical beam splitter that is based on the mixing of a local oscillator wave with a scattering medium output wave that at least initially comprises a speckle pattern formed by the shaped wave interacting with a scattering medium. The processing circuitry may be configured to perform coherent detection on the mixed wave to extract optical amplitude and phase information, and provide an error signal as feedback to the spatial light modulator for performing iterative wavefront shaping. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system comprising: a spatial light modulator configured to receive an optical input wave and perform wavefront shaping on the optical input wave to output a shaped wave; and a coherent optical receiver comprising: an optical local oscillator configured to output a local oscillator wave at a local oscillator frequency; an optical beam splitter configured to receive a scattering medium output wave and the local oscillator wave and mix the scattering medium output wave with the local oscillator wave to form a mixed wave, the scattering medium output wave being a resultant wave of the shaped wave interacting with a scattering medium and the scattering medium output wave at least initially comprising a speckle pattern; an optical detector configured to receive the mixed wave and output an electrical signal representative of the mixed wave; and processing circuitry configured to: receive the electrical signal from the optical detector; perform coherent detection on the electrical signal to extract optical amplitude and phase information corresponding to the mixed wave; and provide an error signal as feedback to the spatial light modulator for performing iterative wavefront shaping of the optical input wave, the error signal indicating the optical amplitude and phase information. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to provide the error signal as feedback for iterative wavefront shaping to focus the scattering medium output wave and increase the intensity of the mixed wave on the optical detector by a threshold intensity at a select location on the optical detector. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator is configured to perform wavefront shaping based on speckle correlations between the optical input wave and the speckle pattern. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the optical local oscillator is configured to output the local oscillator wave for heterodyne mixing or homodyne mixing with the scattering medium output wave by the optical beam splitter. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator is configured to perform iterative wavefront shaping based on a gradient ascent or genetic algorithm. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein optical detector comprises a pixelated camera or a monolithic optical detector. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the scattering medium is biological tissue. ### Claim 8 A method comprising: receiving an optical input wave at a spatial light modulator; performing wavefront shaping, by the spatial light modulator, on the optical input wave to form a shaped wave; causing the shaped wave to interact with a scattering medium and output a scattering medium output wave at least initially comprising a speckle pattern; mixing the scattering medium output wave with a local oscillator wave to form a mixed wave; receiving the mixed wave at an optical detector; performing coherent detection on the mixed wave to extract optical amplitude and phase information; and providing an error signal as feedback to the spatial light modulator for performing iterative wavefront shaping on the optical input wave, the error signal indicating the optical amplitude and phase information. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein providing the error signal includes providing the error signal as feedback for iterative wavefront shaping to focus the scattering medium output wave and increase the intensity of the mixed wave on the optical detector by a threshold intensity at a select location. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein performing wavefront shaping is based on speckle correlations between the optical input wave and the speckle pattern. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the local oscillator wave is for heterodyne mixing or homodyne mixing when the scattering medium output wave is mixed with the local oscillator wave. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein providing the error signal includes providing the error signal as feedback for iterative wavefront shaping based on a gradient ascent or genetic algorithm. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the optical detector is a pixelated camera or monolithic optical detector. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the scattering medium is biological tissue. ### Claim 15 An coherent optical receiver comprising: an optical local oscillator configured to output a local oscillator wave at a local oscillator frequency; an optical beam splitter configured to receive a scattering medium output wave and the local oscillator wave and mix the scattering medium output wave with the local oscillator wave to form a mixed wave, the scattering medium output wave being a resultant wave of a shaped wave interacting with a scattering medium and the scattering medium output wave at least initially comprising a speckle pattern; an optical detector configured to receive the mixed wave and output an electrical signal representative of the mixed wave; and processing circuitry configured to: receive the electrical signal from the optical detector; perform coherent detection on the electrical signal to extract optical amplitude and phase information; and provide an error signal as feedback to the spatial light modulator for performing iterative wavefront shaping of the optical input wave, the error signal indicating the optical amplitude and phase information. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The coherent optical receiver of claim 15, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to provide the error signal as feedback for iterative wavefront shaping to focus the scattering medium output wave and increase the intensity of the mixed wave on the optical detector by a threshold intensity at a select location. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The coherent optical receiver of claim 15, wherein the optical local oscillator is configured to output the local oscillator wave for heterodyne mixing or homodyne mixing with the with the speckle pattern by the optical beam splitter. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The coherent optical receiver of claim 15, wherein the optical local oscillator is configured to provide the local oscillator wave in the form of a laser. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The coherent optical receiver of claim 15, wherein the optical detector comprises a pixelated camera or a monolithic optical detector. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The coherent optical receiver of claim 15, wherein the scattering medium is biological tissue.