# US 2019/0173099 A1 · Layered Structure Battery with Multi-Functional Electrolyte

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- Number: US 2019/0173099 A1
- Document ID: US20190173099A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 16/207,221
- Filed: 2018-12-03
- Published: 2019-06-06
- Earliest claimed: 2017-12-04
- Assignees: Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Limited
- Applicants: Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Limited
- Inventors: Hui LUO; Sara ABOUALI; Tao XU; Li FU; Soon Yee LIEW; Yuechen WANG
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190173099A1

## CPC

- H01M 6/40: Printed batteries {, e.g. thin film batteries}
- H01M 4/08: Processes of manufacture
- H01M 4/48: of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M 4/582: {Halogenides}
- H01M 4/625: {Carbon or graphite}
- H01M 50/121: Organic material
- H01M 50/129: with two or more layers of only organic material
- H01M 50/136: Flexibility or foldability
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

## Abstract

The present invention provides a thin, bendable, printed, layered primary battery structure without a battery separator. The battery includes a first layer including a printed positive electrode. A second layer includes a negative electrode material which may be a printed negative electrode or a metal foil negative electrode. An adhesive, UV-curable intermediate layer is adhered to the first layer on a first side of the intermediate layer and is adhered to the second layer on a second side of the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes a water-soluble electroactive material and a water-soluble viscosity-regulating polymer in an amount sufficient to render the intermediate layer adhesive. The intermediate layer also includes a water-insoluble polymer matrix having sufficient rigidity to prevent contact of the first layer and the second layer. A flexible package encases the first, second, and intermediate layers.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A thin, bendable, printed, layered primary battery structure without a battery separator, comprising:
a first layer including a printed positive electrode;
a second layer including a negative electrode material, the second layer comprising a printed negative electrode material or a metal foil negative electrode material;
an adhesive, UV-curable intermediate layer adhered to the first layer on a first side of the intermediate layer and adhered to the second layer on a second side of the intermediate layer the adhesive strength of the intermediate layer being at least approximately 6 kPa, the intermediate layer comprising:
a water-soluble electroactive material;
a water-soluble viscosity-regulating polymer in an amount sufficient to render the intermediate layer adhesive;
a water-insoluble polymer matrix having sufficient rigidity to prevent contact of the first layer and the second layer;
solid particles in a range of approximately 0.1% to 5%; and
a flexible package encasing the first, second, and intermediate layers.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The thin, bendable, printed layered, primary battery structure of claim 1, wherein the water-soluble electroactive material is selected from zinc chloride, zinc bromide, potassium hydroxide, manganese chloride, a mixture of zinc chloride and ammonia chloride, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure of claim 1, wherein the water-soluble viscosity-regulating polymer is selected from methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyethylene glycol, or mixtures thereof.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure of claim 1, wherein the first layer includes conductive carbon.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure of claim 4, wherein the conductive carbon is selected from graphene, graphite, carbon black, acetylene black.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure of claim 1, wherein the first layer includes manganese dioxide powder the second layer includes a zinc-based material.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure of claim 1, wherein the first layer includes iron oxide powder and the second layer includes nickel-oxide powder.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure of claim 1, wherein the first layer includes silver-oxide powder and the second layer includes zinc-based material powder.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A method of making the thin, bendable, printed layered primary battery structure without a battery separator of claim 1, comprising:
printing the first layer including a positive electrode material on a portion of the flexible package;
printing the intermediate layer on the first layer and UV-curing the intermediate layer to form a solid intermediate layer;
providing the second layer on a portion of the flexible package;
printing a mixture of a water-soluble electroactive material, the water-soluble viscosity-regulating polymer, a photoinitiator, and a precursor material to form the water-insoluble polymer matrix on at least a portion of the first layer and on at least a portion of the second layer;
UV curing the mixture to form an adhesive intermediate layer on each of the first layer and the second layer;
adhering the first layer with the intermediate layer disposed thereon to the second layer with the intermediate layer disposed thereon such that a single intermediate layer is formed and positioned between the first layer and the second layer.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the photoinitiator is selected from 2-Methyl-4′-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone, 4,4′-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone, 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, Benzophenone, 2-Benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-4′-morpholinobutyrophenone, and 4-Hydroxybenzophenone.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein the printing is selected from screen printing, stencil printing, inkjet printing or doctor blade formation.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, further comprising sealing the flexible package.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the sealing is selected from press sealing, hot sealing, ultrasound welding, or lamination.