# US 2019/0172380 A1 · Inversion balancing compensation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0172380 A1 - Document ID: US20190172380A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/269,439 - Filed: 2019-02-06 - Published: 2019-06-06 - Earliest claimed: 2014-06-25 - Assignees: Apple Inc. - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Christopher P. Tann; Taesung Kim; Sandro H. Pintz - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190172380A1 ## CPC - G09G 3/20: for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix {no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters} - G09G 2310/0254: Control of polarity reversal in general, other than for liquid crystal displays - G09G 2310/063: Waveforms for resetting the whole screen at once - G09G 2310/08: Details of timing specific for flat panels, other than clock recovery - G09G 2320/0204: Compensation of DC component across the pixels in flat panels - G09G 2340/0435: Change or adaptation of the frame rate of the video stream - G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00) ## Abstract System and method for improving displayed image quality of an electronic display that displays a first image frame by applying a first voltage to a display pixel and a second image frame directly before the first image frame by applying a second voltage to the display pixel. A display pipeline is communicatively coupled to the electronic display and receives first image data corresponding with the first image frame, where the image data includes a first grayscale value corresponding with the display pixel. Additionally the display pipeline determines an inversion balancing grayscale offset based at least in part on the first grayscale value when polarity of the first voltage and polarity of the second voltage are the same and determines magnitude of the first voltage by applying the inversion balancing grayscale offset to the first grayscale value to reduce likelihood of a perceivable luminance spike when displaying the first image frame. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computing device comprising: image processing circuitry configured to: process a first plurality of active lines in first image data to determine first processed image data corresponding with a first image, wherein the first image data comprises the first plurality of active lines and a first plurality of blank lines; adjust a counter value indicative of pixel polarization from a first counter value to a second counter value based at least in part on number of active lines and number of blank lines included in the first image data; and process a second plurality of active lines in second image data based at least in part on the second counter value indicative of pixel polarization present after display of the first image to determine second processed image data corresponding with a second image; and a display panel communicatively coupled to the image processing circuitry, wherein the display panel is configured to: display the first image at least in part by applying a first voltage to a pixel based on the first processed image data; and display the second image at least in part by applying a second voltage to the pixel based on the second processed image data. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, wherein: the first plurality of active lines included in the first image data indicate first target grayscale values associated with the first image; the first plurality of blank lines comprises a plurality of vertical blank lines; and the second plurality of active lines included in the second image data indicate second target grayscale values associated with the second image. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, wherein the display panel is configured to: display the second image at least in part by applying the second voltage to the pixel with a positive polarity when the second counter value is greater than a counter threshold; and display the second image at least in part by applying the second voltage to the pixel with a negative polarity when the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, wherein the display panel is configured to: apply the first voltage to the pixel and the second voltage to the pixel using a same voltage polarity when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than a counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold; and apply the first voltage to the pixel and the second voltage to the pixel using opposite voltage polarities when the first counter value is greater than the counter threshold and the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold or when the second counter value is greater than the counter threshold and the first counter value is not greater than the counter threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, comprising an image source communicatively coupled to the image processing circuitry, wherein: the image source is configured to: output the first image data corresponding with the first image and the second image data corresponding with the second image to the image processing circuitry; and enter a sleep mode between output of the first image data and output of the second image data; and the image processing circuitry configured to adjust the counter value indicative of pixel polarization from the first counter value to the second counter value based on the number of active lines in the first image data, the number of blank lines included in the first image data, and duration that the image source is in the sleep mode. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The computing device of claim 5, wherein the image processing circuitry is configured to: start a timer when the image source ceases outputting image data after output of the first image data corresponding with the first image; stop the timer when the image source begins outputting the second image data corresponding with the second image; and determine the duration that the image source is in the sleep mode based on value of the timer divided by a line time of the display panel. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, wherein: the second image data corresponding with the second image comprises the second plurality of active lines and a second plurality of blank lines; the image processing circuitry configured to: adjust the counter value indicative of pixel polarization from the second counter value to a third counter value based at least in part on number of active lines and number of blank lines included in the second image data; and process a third plurality of active lines in third image data based at least in part on the third counter value indicative of pixel polarization present after display of the second image to determine third processed image data corresponding with a third image; and the display panel is configured to display the third image at least in part by applying a third voltage to the pixel based on the third processed image data. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, comprising a display pipeline, wherein the display pipeline comprises the image processing circuitry and is configured to be coupled between an image source and the display panel. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, wherein the image processing circuitry is configured to: determine a target grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the second plurality of active lines in second image data; and when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than a counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold, determine the second processed image data at least in part by adjusting the target grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the second image data based on an actual grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the first processed image data corresponding with the first image. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The computing device of claim 9, wherein the display panel is configured to: determine a target magnitude of the second voltage to be applied to the pixel to facilitate displaying the second image based at least in part on the target grayscale value indicated in the second processed image data; and display the second image at least in part by applying the second voltage with the target magnitude to the pixel. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The computing device of claim 1, wherein the image processing circuitry is configured to: determine a target grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the second plurality of active lines in second image data; and when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than a counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold: determine an inversion balancing grayscale offset based at least in part on the target grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the second image data and an actual grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the first processed image data; and determine the second processed image data corresponding with the second image at least in part by applying the inversion balancing grayscale offset to the target grayscale value of the pixel. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The computing device of claim 11, wherein the image processing circuitry is configured to: determine a pixel response grayscale offset based at least in part on the target grayscale value of the pixel indicated in the second image data; determine the second processed image data corresponding with the second image at least in part by applying the pixel response grayscale offset to the target grayscale value of the pixel when the first counter value is greater than the counter threshold and the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold or when the first counter value is not greater than the counter threshold and the second counter value is greater than the counter threshold; and determine the second processed image data corresponding with the second image at least in part by applying the inversion balancing grayscale offset and the pixel response grayscale offset to the target grayscale value of the pixel when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than the counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold. ### Claim 13 A tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing instructions executable by processing circuitry of a computing device, wherein the instructions comprise instructions to: instruct, using the processing circuitry, a display panel to display a first image based at least in part on first image data comprising a first plurality of active lines and a first plurality of blank lines; adjust, using the processing circuitry, a counter value indicative of pixel polarization from a first counter value to a second counter value based at least in part on number of active lines and number of blank lines included in the first image data; determine, using the processing circuitry, processed image data at least in part by processing a second plurality of active lines in second image data corresponding with a second image to be displayed after the first image based at least in part on the second counter value indicative of pixel polarization present after display of the first image; and instruct, using the processing circuitry, the display panel to display the second image based at least in part on the processed image data. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 13, comprising instructions to: instruct, using the processing circuitry, the display panel to display the second image at least in part by applying a positive voltage to a pixel when the second counter value is greater than a counter threshold; and instruct, using the processing circuitry, the display panel to display the second image at least in part by applying a negative voltage to the pixel when the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 13, comprising instructions to: determine, using the processing circuitry, a target grayscale value indicated in the second plurality of active lines in the second image data; and when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than a counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold: determine, using the processing circuitry, an inversion balancing grayscale offset based at least in part on the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data and an actual grayscale value indicated in the first image data corresponding with the first image; and determine, using the processing circuitry, the processed image data to be used to display the second image at least in part by applying the inversion balancing grayscale offset to the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 15, comprising instruction to: determine, using the processing circuitry, a pixel response grayscale offset based at least in part on the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data; determine, using the processing circuitry, the processed image data to be used to display the second image at least in part by applying the pixel response grayscale offset to the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data when the first counter value is greater than the counter threshold and the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold or when the first counter value is not greater than the counter threshold and the second counter value is greater than the counter threshold; and determine, using the processing circuitry, the processed image data to be used to display the second image at least in part by applying the inversion balancing grayscale offset and the pixel response grayscale offset to the target grayscale value of the pixel when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than the counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The tangible, non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 13, comprising instructions to: start, using the processing circuitry, a timer when the processing circuitry ceases receiving image data from an image source; stop, using the processing circuitry, the time when the processing circuitry subsequently resumes receiving image data from the image source; and adjust, using the processing circuitry, the counter value indicative of pixel polarization from the first counter value to a second counter value based at least in part on the number of active lines included in the first image data, the number of blank lines included in the first image data, and a current timer value when the image source ceases outputting image data between output of the first image data corresponding with the first image and the second image data corresponding with the second image. ### Claim 18 An electronic display comprising: a display panel configured to a first image based at least in part on first processed image data followed by a second image based at least in part on second processed image data; and a timing controller communicatively coupled to the display panel, wherein the timing controller is configured to: determine the first processed image data by processing first image data comprising a first plurality of active lines and a first plurality of blank lines; adjust a counter value indicative of pixel polarization from a first counter value to a second counter value based at least in part on number of active lines and number of blank lines included in the first image data; and determine the second processed image data by processing second image data comprising a second plurality of active lines and a second plurality of blank lines based at least in part on the second counter value indicative of pixel polarization present after display of the first image. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The electronic display of claim 18, wherein the timing controller is configured to: instruct the display panel to display the second image at least in part by applying a positive voltage to a pixel when the second counter value is greater than a counter threshold; and instruct the display panel to display the second image at least in part by applying a negative voltage to the pixel when the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The electronic display of claim 18, wherein the timing controller is configured to: determine a target grayscale value indicated in the second plurality of active lines in the second image data; determine a pixel response grayscale offset based at least in part on the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data; determine the second processed image data to be used to display the second image at least in part by applying the pixel response grayscale offset to the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data when the first counter value is greater than a counter threshold and the second counter value is not greater than the counter threshold or when the first counter value is not greater than the counter threshold and the second counter value is greater than the counter threshold; and when the first counter value and the second counter value are both greater than the counter threshold or are both not greater than the counter threshold: determine an inversion balancing grayscale offset based at least in part on the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data and an actual grayscale value indicated in the first processed image data; and determine the second processed image data to be used to display the second image at least in part by applying the inversion balancing grayscale offset and the pixel response grayscale offset to the target grayscale value indicated in the second image data.