# US 2019/0169443 A1 · Increasing anti-corrosion through nanocomposite materials > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0169443 A1 - Document ID: US20190169443A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/830,978 - Filed: 2017-12-04 - Published: 2019-06-06 - Earliest claimed: 2017-12-04 - Assignees: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation - Applicants: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation - Inventors: Steven Poteet - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190169443A1 ## CPC - C09D 5/08: Anti-corrosive paints - B05D 1/02: performed by spraying - B05D 7/54: {No clear coat specified} - C09D 5/00: Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced {(electrically insulating plastics, resins or waxes H01B3/30)}; Filling pastes - C09D 163/00: Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins - C25D 11/246: {for sealing layers} - C25D 11/34: of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32 - C08K 3/042: {Graphene or derivatives, e.g. graphene oxides} - C08K 9/06: with silicon-containing compounds - C08K 2201/011: Nanostructured additives - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02) - C25D: PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR - C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09) ## Abstract A method of increasing corrosion resistance without leveraging toxic hexavalent chromium uses partially oxidized graphene particles mixed into primer applied on metallic alloy surfaces. Graphene is effective as an anti-corrosion primer additive because it acts as a physical barrier and has electrochemical properties that change potentials needed to induce corrosion. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An anti-corrosion coating composition for a substrate comprising: an epoxy-based primer comprising non-chromate inhibitors; graphene particles mixed into the epoxy based primer; and alkoxysilanes mixed with the graphene particles. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are between 0.10% and 1.25% by weight of the epoxy-based primer. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the alkoxysilanes functionalize up to 15% oxygen by weight of the graphene nanoplatelets in the epoxy-based primer. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the graphene particles are nanoplatelets. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The composition of claim 4, wherein the nanoplatelets have average diameters between 1 nanometer and 25 nanometers. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the primer is comprised of a base component, a catalyst component, and a thinner. ### Claim 7 An article comprises: a substrate; an anodized layer on the substrate; a sealant; and an anti-corrosion layer attached to the anodizing layer opposite the substrate, the anti-corrosion layer comprising a primer containing partially oxidized graphene functionalized with an alkoxysilane and non-chromate inhibitors. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The article of claim 7, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, steel, zinc, nickel, and alloys thereof. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The article of claim 7, wherein the partially oxidized graphene contains at least 5% oxygen by weight. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The article of claim 7, wherein the partially oxidized graphene contains at least 10% oxygen by weight. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The article of claim 10, wherein the partially oxidized graphene contains at least 15% oxygen by weight. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The article of claim 11, wherein the partially oxidized graphene contains at least 20% oxygen by weight. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The article of claim 12, wherein the partially oxidized graphene contains at least 25% oxygen by weight. ### Claim 14 (depends on 7) The article of claim 7, further comprising a topcoat attached to the primer opposite the anodizing layer. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The article of claim 14, wherein the topcoat comprises graphene particles. ### Claim 16 A method of preventing corrosion comprises: anodizing a surface of a metallic substrate such that an anodized layer is formed on the metallic substrate; and applying a primer with graphene particles, alkoxysilanes, and non-chromate inhibitors to the anodized layer on the metallic substrate. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising applying a topcoat to the primer opposite the metallic substrate. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the primer is prepared by: dispersing graphene particles in water to create a dispersion; functionalizing the graphene particles by adding alkoxysilanes to the dispersion; adding an epoxy primer base component to the dispersion; mixing the dispersion such that the dispersion is homogenous; and mixing a primer catalyst in the dispersion. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein oxidizing the graphene particles results in up to 15% by weight oxygen in the dispersion. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein applying the primer comprises spraying a layer of primer between 0.0005 inches and 0.002 inches thick.