# US 2019/0169082 A1 · Compositions usable as flare compositions, countermeasure devices containing the flare compositions, and related methods > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0169082 A1 - Document ID: US20190169082A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/265,857 - Filed: 2019-02-01 - Published: 2019-06-06 - Earliest claimed: 2014-10-16 - Assignees: Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Inc. - Applicants: Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Inc. - Inventors: Daniel B. Nielson; Curtis W. Fielding - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190169082A1 ## CPC - C06B 43/00: Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00 - C06B 21/0058: {by casting a curable composition, e.g. of the plastisol type} - C06B 27/00: Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons - C06C 15/00: Pyrophoric compositions; Flints (chemical lighters C06C9/00) - F42B 4/26: Flares; Torches {(mines for practice or training containing flares or illuminating charges F42B8/28; projectiles of illuminating type F42B12/42)} - F42B 4/30: Manufacture - C06B: EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS (blasting F42D); MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES (compounds in general C01, C07 or C08; {demolition agents based on cementitious or like materials C04B41/0009}) - C06C: DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES (ammunition fuzes F42C); CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS - F42B: EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION (explosive compositions C06B; fuzes F42C; blasting F42D) ## Abstract A composition that includes a fuel and a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) is disclosed. The composition may be used as a flare composition in a countermeasure device. Countermeasure devices including the flare composition are also disclosed, as are methods of forming grains of the countermeasure device. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A composition, comprising: a fuel; a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) comprising a chemical structure of RH—CF2O—(CF2CF2O)m—(CF2O)n—CF2—RH, wherein RH is a functional group selected from the group consisting of an acrylate, an alcohol, an alkyl amide, an alkoxy silane, an amide, an amido silane, an ester, an ethoxylated alcohol, a (meth)acrylate, a phosphate, and a phosphate dispersion, m is an integer between 1 and 50, and n is an integer between 1 and 50; and an isocyanate compound, the PFPE comprising from about 15% by weight (wt %) to about 45 wt % of the composition. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the PFPE comprises a fluorine content of from about 20 wt % to about 70 wt % of the PFPE. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the PFPE comprises a fluorine content of from about 20 wt % to about 25 wt % of the PFPE. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the PFPE comprises a fluorine content of from about 40 wt % to about 55 wt % of the PFPE. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the PFPE comprises a fluorine content of from about 55 wt % to about 70 wt % of the PFPE. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the PFPE comprises a fluorine content of from about 60 wt % to about 70 wt % of the PFPE. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises an ethoxy silane group. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises a methoxy group. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, further comprising boron. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one of boron, phosphorous, or silicon. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one of potassium ferricyanide, cupric oxide, or iron oxide. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises magnesium, the PFPE, isophorone diisocyanate, octadecyl isocyanate, PTFE, conductive carbon, phenolphthalein, triphenyl tin chloride, a metal chelator, triethylene glycol, boron, iron oxide, and potassium ferricyanide. ### Claim 13 A composition, comprising: a fuel; a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) comprising a chemical structure of HOCH2CFCF3OCF2CF2CF2CF2—CH2CF2OCF2CF2OCF3CFCF2OCF3CFCF2OCF3CFCH2OH; and an isocyanate compound, the PFPE comprising from about 15% by weight (wt %) to about 45 wt % of the composition. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The composition of claim 13, wherein the PFPE comprises a fluorine content of about 60 wt % to about 70 wt %. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The composition of claim 13, wherein the fuel comprises from about 10 wt % to about 70 wt % of the composition. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The composition of claim 13, wherein the fuel comprises aluminum, bismuth, copper, iron, hafnium, magnesium, nickel, palladium, tantalum, tin, titanium, zinc, zirconium, an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the fuel comprises magnesium and aluminum. ### Claim 18 A countermeasure device comprising a casing and a flare composition within the casing, the flare composition comprising: a fuel; a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) comprising a chemical structure of RH—CF2O—(CF2CF2O)m—(CF2O)n—CF2—RH, wherein RH is a functional group selected from the group consisting of an acrylate, an alcohol, an alkyl amide, an alkoxy silane, an amide, an amido silane, an ester, an ethoxylated alcohol, a (meth)acrylate, a phosphate, and a phosphate dispersion, m is an integer between 1 and 50, and n is an integer between 1 and 50; and an isocyanate compound, the PFPE comprising from about 15% by weight (wt %) to about 45 wt % of the composition. ### Claim 19 A method of forming grains of a countermeasure device, comprising: forming a flare composition comprising a fuel, an isocyanate compound, and a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) comprising a chemical structure of RH—CF2O—(CF2CF2O)m—(CF2O)n—CF2—RH, wherein RH is a functional group selected from the group consisting of an acrylate, an alcohol, an alkyl amide, an alkoxy silane, an amide, an amido silane, an ester, an ethoxylated alcohol, a (meth)acrylate, a phosphate, and a phosphate dispersion, m is an integer between 1 and 50, and n is an integer between 1 and 50, the PFPE comprising from about 15% by weight (wt %) to about 45 wt % of the composition; and casting the flare composition into grains. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim of claim 19, wherein casting the flare composition into grains comprises casting the grains at a temperature of from about 22° C. to about 65.6° C.