# US 2019/0167237 A1 · System and method for determining temperature nadir of a female > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0167237 A1 - Document ID: US20190167237A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/320,936 - Filed: 2017-07-05 - Published: 2019-06-06 - Earliest claimed: 2016-07-28 - Assignees: Ava AG - Applicants: Ava AG - Inventors: Peter Stein; Brigitte Leeners - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190167237A1 ## CPC - A61B 10/0012: {Ovulation-period determination (for animals A61D17/002)} - A61B 5/01: Measuring temperature of body parts {; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue} (clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20) - A61B 5/02055: {Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature} - A61B 5/02438: {with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient} - A61B 5/0533: Measuring galvanic skin response - A61B 5/4306: {for evaluating the female reproductive systems, e.g. gynaecological evaluations} - A61B 2010/0016: {based on measurement of electric currents, e.g. conductivity tests} - A61B 2010/0019: {based on measurement of temperature} - A61B 2010/0029: {based on time measurement} - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract An electronic system for determining a time of the temperature nadir of a female human during the menstrual cycle comprises a wearable device (1) that includes a first sensor system (104), configured to determine a temperature of the female human, and a second sensor system (101, 102, 103), configured to determine one or more further physiological parameters of the female human. The electronic system further comprises a processor (13, 30, 40), configured to determine a detected starting point of the fertility phase of the female human, using the one or more further physiological parameters of the female human. The processor (13, 30, 40) is further configured to detect the temperature nadir as a temporary decrease in the temperature, using the detected starting point of the fertility phase of the female human. The time of the temperature nadir is used as an indicator of the time of ovulation and peak oestrogen level. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electronic system for determining a temperature nadir during a menstrual cycle of a female human, the system comprising: a wearable device including a first sensor system configured to be worn in contact with the skin of the female human and to determine a temperature of the female human, and a a processor configured to receive the temperature of the female human from the first sensor system and one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; the processor being further configured to determine a detected starting point of a fertility phase of the female human, using the one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; and the processor being further configured to detect the temperature nadir as a temporary decrease in the temperature received from the first sensor system, using the detected starting point of the fertility phase of the female human, a time of the temperature nadir being indicative of time of ovulation and peak oestrogen level. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine the nadir of the temperature by detecting the temporary decrease of the temperature within a time window around a probable time when the ovulation or peak oestrogen level is expected to occur, the probable time being based on the detected starting point of the fertility phase of the female human. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The electronic system of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to determine the probable time when the ovulation or peak oestrogen level is expected to occur as a first time-probability distribution, indicating for various points in time of the time window the probability of the ovulation or peak oestrogen level to occur, and to determine a second time-probability distribution, indicating for various points in time of the time window the probability of the nadir of the temperature to occur, by detecting the temporary decrease of the temperature, and to determine the time of the temperature nadir by comparing a combination of the first time-probability distribution and the second time-probability distribution to a threshold. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The electronic system of one of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to determine the probable time when the ovulation or peak oestrogen level is expected to occur by adding a probable time duration to the detected starting point of the fertility phase. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the wearable device includes a second sensor system configured to be worn in contact with the skin of the female human and to determine a heart rate of the female human; and the processor is configured to determine a change in pulse during a menstrual cycle using the heart rate, and to determine the detected starting point of the fertility phase, using the change in the pulse. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The electronic system of claim 5, wherein the processor is configured to determine the detected starting point of the fertility phase using the time (t1) of the change of the pulse from a comparatively short interval between heartbeats to a comparatively longer interval between heartbeats. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The electronic system of claim 5, wherein the processor is configured to determine the detected starting point of the fertility phase by detecting a time indicative of an end point of a period of pulses with a comparatively long interval between heartbeats. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the wearable device includes a second sensor system configured to be worn in contact with the skin of the female human and to determine a heart rate variability of the female human; and the processor is configured to determine the detected starting point of the fertility phase, using a time of increased heart rate variability. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The electronic system of claim 8, wherein the second sensor system (102) is configured to determine acceleration of the female human; and the processor is configured to detect during menstrual cycles sleep phases with resting pulse using the heart rate variability and the acceleration, to determine a change in the resting pulse during a menstrual cycle using the heart rate, and to determine the detected starting point of the fertility phase, using a time of the change in the resting pulse. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the wearable device includes a second sensor system configured to be worn in contact with the skin of the female human and to determine one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; and the processor is configured to determine correlations of at least one of: the one or more further physiological parameters measured by the second sensor system and other external indicators related to the female human, and to determine the detected starting point of the fertility phase, using a correlation time of the correlations of the one or more further physiological parameters and other external indicators. ### Claim 11 (depends on 2) The electronic system of claim 2, wherein the electronic system further comprises a data store, and the processor is configured to store in the data store at least one of: one or more further physiological parameters measured by a second sensor system, included in the wearable device and configured to be worn in contact with the skin of the female human, and other external indicators related to the female human, and to determine the probable time when the ovulation or peak oestrogen level is expected to occur, using the one or more further physiological parameters and other external indicators of the female human stored during a plurality of menstrual cycles. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the processor is arranged in the wearable device and configured to determine the time of the temperature nadir using physiological parameters measured by the sensor systems of the wearable device. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the processor is arranged in an external system, separated from the wearable device, the wearable device further comprises a communication module configured to transmit physiological parameters measured by the sensor systems, of the wearable device to the external system, and the processor is configured to determine the time of the temperature nadir using the physiological parameters received from the wearable device. ### Claim 14 A method of determining a temperature nadir during a menstrual cycle of a female human, the method comprising: receiving in a processor from a first sensor system of a wearable device a temperature of the female human; receiving in the processor one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; determining by the processor a detected starting point of a fertility phase of the female human, using the one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; and detecting by the processor the temperature nadir as a temporary decrease in the temperature received from the first sensor system, using the detected starting point of the fertility phase of the female human, a time of the temperature nadir being indicative of time of ovulation and peak oestrogen level. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the method further comprises determining by the processor a probable time when the ovulation or peak oestrogen level is expected to occur as a first time-probability distribution, indicating for various points in time of the time window the probability of the ovulation or peak oestrogen level to occur; and determining by the processor a second time-probability distribution, indicating for various points in time of the time window the probability of the nadir of the temperature to occur, by detecting the temporary decrease of the temperature; and determining by the processor the time of the temperature nadir by comparing a combination of the first time-probability distribution and the second time-probability distribution to a threshold. ### Claim 16 A computer program product comprising a non-transient computer readable medium having stored thereon computer program code configured to control one or more processors of a computerized system, such that the computerized system performs the steps of: receiving from a first sensor system of a wearable device a temperature of the female human; receiving one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; determining a detected starting point of a fertility phase of the female human, using the one or more further physiological parameters of the female human; and detecting the temperature nadir as a temporary decrease in the temperature received from the first sensor system, using the detected starting point of the fertility phase of the female human, a time of the temperature nadir being indicative of time of ovulation and peak oestrogen level.