Polyurethane Coating Compositions Containing 1,1-Di-Activated Vinyl Compounds and Related Coatings and Processes

A multi-layer coating comprising:

• a first coating layer applied over at least a portion of a substrate;
• and
• a second coating layer applied over at least a portion of the first coating layer;
• wherein the second coating layer comprises:
• a reaction product of a polyfunctional resin and a polyisocyanate;
• and
• one or more of:
• an addition reaction product of:
• a polyfunctional resin;
• and
• a 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or a multifunctional form thereof, or a combination thereof;
• and/or
• a polymerization reaction product of the 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or a multifunctional form thereof, or a combination thereof.

A process for coating a substrate comprising:

• applying a first coating layer over at least a portion of a substrate;
• applying a second coating layer over at least a portion of the first coating layer;
• and
• curing the second coating layer;
• wherein the second coating layer comprises a coating composition comprising:
• a polyol resin;
• a polyisocyanate;
• and
• a 1,1-di-activated vinyl compound, or a multifunctional form thereof, or a combination thereof.