Improvements Relating To Graphene Nanomaterials

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the nanomaterial product comprises graphene quantum dots, graphene nanoflakes, graphene nanoribbons, graphene nanosheets, or combinations thereof.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the nanomaterial product comprises one or more heteroatom impurities.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the graphene nanomaterial product is oxidised.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the graphene nanomaterial product is functionalised.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the diaromatic component comprises optionally substituted fused or linked diaromatic hydrocarbons or heterocycles.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the diaromatic component is a diaromatic hydrocarbon component consisting of one or more optionally substituted diaromatic hydrocarbons.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the diaromatic component comprises one or more compounds of Formula A or Formula B, or heterocyclic variants thereof, optionally substituted with one or more moieties at one or more of the numbered positions:

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the diaromatic component comprises methylnaphthalene or ethylnaphtalene, and optionally naphthalene.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the liquid medium comprises a stabilising component for stabilising the dispersion of graphene nanomaterial to be formed.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the liquid medium consists of the diaromatic component and a balancing amount of stabilising component, in particular NMP.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the liquid medium comprises a functionalising component and a functionalised graphene nanomaterial is synthesised.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the liquid medium has an initial boiling point in the range of from 180 to 300° C.

The process of any preceding claim comprising treating the liquid medium, prior to cavitation, to reduce air or oxygen dissolved therein.

The process of any preceding claim wherein cavitation of the liquid is effected by subjecting the liquid medium to ultrasound.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein cavitation is carried out under an inert atmosphere.

The process of any preceding claim, comprising stabilising the dispersion and obtaining the graphene nanomaterial product from the stabilised dispersion.

The process of any preceding claim comprising adding a stabilising component to the liquid medium during and/or after cavitation of the liquid medium.

The process of any preceding claim wherein the dispersion of graphene nanomaterial is stabilised by a stabilising component and constitutes the graphene nanomaterial product.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein the graphene nanomaterial product comprises a subset of the dispersion and is obtained by one or more separation steps.

The process of any preceding claim, wherein turbostratic particles comprising graphene layers are separated from the dispersion to provide a purified dispersion constituting the graphene nanomaterial product.

The process of any preceding claim comprising allowing the graphene nanomaterial in the dispersion to agglomerate and settle out of the dispersion to form turbostratic particles, re-dispersing graphene nanomaterial from the turbostratic particles to form a re-dispersion, and obtaining the graphene nanomaterial product from the re-dispersion.

A graphene nanomaterial product obtainable by a process according to any preceding claim.

A graphene nanomaterial product comprising a graphene nanomaterial dispersed in a liquid medium comprising a diaromatic hydrocarbon or heterocycle and a stabilising component.