Antenna array calibration method and apparatus

An antenna array calibration method for use with an antenna array comprising first target antennas, second target antennas, a receive coupling component between a first antenna in the first target antennas and a second antenna in the second target antennas, and a transmit coupling component between a third antenna in the first target antennas and a fourth antenna in the second target antennas, wherein the receive coupling component is configured to couple and receive calibration signals, the transmit coupling component is configured to transmit and couple calibration signals, and a difference value between coupling factors of adjacent antennas in the antenna array is less than a preset value, the method comprising:

• controlling the first antenna and the second antenna to separately transmit calibration signals;
• receiving the calibration signals using the receive coupling component;
• separately determining, based on the calibration signals received by the receive coupling component, the calibration signal transmitted by the first antenna and the calibration signal transmitted by the second antenna, a calibration compensation value of a transmit channel corresponding to the first antenna and a calibration compensation value of a transmit channel corresponding to the second antenna;
• separately performing calibration processing on the transmit channel corresponding to the first antenna and the transmit channel corresponding to the second antenna such that an amplitude-phase response of the transmit channel corresponding to the first antenna is consistent with an amplitude-phase response of the transmit channel corresponding to the second antenna;
• transmitting calibration signals by using the transmit coupling component;
• controlling the third antenna and the fourth antenna to separately receive the calibration signals;
• separately determining, based on the calibration signals transmitted by the transmit coupling component, the calibration signal received by the third antenna and the calibration signal received by the fourth antenna, a calibration compensation value of a receive channel corresponding to the third antenna and a calibration compensation value of a receive channel corresponding to the fourth antenna;
• and
• separately performing calibration processing on the receive channel corresponding to the third antenna and the receive channel corresponding to the fourth antenna such that an amplitude-phase response of the receive channel corresponding to the third antenna is consistent with an amplitude-phase response of the receive channel corresponding to the fourth antenna;
• when the first target antennas transmit calibration signals and the second target antennas receive the calibration signals, separately determining, based on a difference value between amplitude-phase responses of transmit channels corresponding to antennas in the first target antennas, calibration compensation values of the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas, and performing calibration processing on the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas;
• separately determining, based on a difference value between amplitude-phase responses of receive channels corresponding to antennas in the second target antennas, calibration compensation values of the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas, and performing calibration processing on the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas;
• when the second target antennas transmit calibration signals and the first target antennas receive the calibration signals, separately determining, based on a difference value between amplitude-phase responses of transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas, calibration compensation values of the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas, and performing calibration processing on the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas;
• and
• separately determining, based on a difference value between amplitude-phase responses of receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas, calibration compensation values of the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas, and performing calibration processing on the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas.

An antenna array calibration apparatus, comprising:

• an antenna array comprising first target antennas and second target antennas;
• a first antenna dummy element and a fourth antenna dummy element configured to receive calibration signals, wherein an amplitude-phase response of the first antenna dummy element is the same as an amplitude-phase response of the fourth antenna dummy element;
• a second antenna dummy element and a third antenna dummy element configured to transmit calibration signals, wherein an amplitude-phase response of the second antenna dummy element is the same as an amplitude-phase response of the third antenna dummy element, and wherein a difference value between coupling factors of adjacent antennas in the antenna array is less than a preset value;
• a processor;
• and
• a memory configured to store data and a program which, when execute by the processor, causes the antenna array calibration apparatus to:
• when the first target antennas transmit calibration signals and the second target antennas receive the calibration signals, separately determine, based on a difference value between each of amplitude-phase responses of transmit channels corresponding to antennas in the first target antennas and the amplitude-phase response of the third antenna dummy element, calibration compensation values of the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas, and perform calibration processing on the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas,
• separately determine, based on a difference value between each of amplitude-phase responses of receive channels corresponding to antennas in the second target antennas and the amplitude-phase response of the fourth antenna dummy element, calibration compensation values of the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas, and perform calibration processing on the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas,
• when the second target antennas transmit calibration signals and the first target antennas receive the calibration signals, separately determine, based on a difference value between each of amplitude-phase responses of transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas and the amplitude-phase response of the second antenna dummy element, calibration compensation values of the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas, and perform calibration processing on the transmit channels corresponding to the antennas in the second target antennas, and
• separately determine, based on a difference value between each of amplitude-phase responses of receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas and the amplitude-phase response of the first antenna dummy element, calibration compensation values of the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas, and perform calibration processing on the receive channels corresponding to the antennas in the first target antennas.