Metallic molybdenum disulfide nanosheets-based electrochemical actuators

A compound actuator comprising a plurality of actuators arranged to impart a desired force upon an object, each of said actuators comprising:

• a substrate having a surface comprising one or more active regions, each of said active regions having disposed thereon an electrochemically active film comprising a plurality of 1T phase 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) nanosheets, at least one of said substrate and said plurality of 1T phase 2D TMD nanosheets in mechanical communication with said object;
• said electrochemically active film imparting a first force upon the object in response to electrochemical charging of ions in said 2D TMD nanosheet;
• said electrochemically active film imparting a second force upon the object in response to electrochemical discharging of ions in said 2D TMD nanosheet.

An actuator, comprising:

• a substrate having a surface comprising one or more active regions, each of said active regions having disposed thereon an electrochemically active film comprising a plurality of 1T phase 2D MoS2 nanosheets, at least one of said substrate and said plurality of 1T phase 2D MoS2 nanosheets in mechanical communication with an object;
• said electrochemically active film imparting a first force upon the object in response to electrochemical charging of ions in said 2D MoS2 nanosheet;
• said electrochemically active film imparting a second force upon the object in response to electrochemical discharging of ions in said 2D MoS2 nanosheet.