# US 2019/0056478 A1 · Frequency Domain MIMO For FMCW Radar > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0056478 A1 - Document ID: US20190056478A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/677,583 - Filed: 2017-08-15 - Published: 2019-02-21 - Earliest claimed: 2017-08-15 - Assignees: Valeo Radar Systems, Inc. - Applicants: Valeo Radar Systems, Inc. - Inventors: Jeffrey Millar - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190056478A1 ## CPC - G01S 7/352: {Receivers} - G01S 7/35: Details of non-pulse systems - G01S 13/34: using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal - G01S 13/343: {using sawtooth modulation} - G01S 13/931: of land vehicles - H04B 1/69: Spread spectrum techniques - H04B 2001/6912: {using chirp} - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract Systems, methods, and techniques for implementing multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) within the context of a linear frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system are provided. The radar system includes a MIMO transmitter and MIMO receiver. The MIMO transmitter including a first plurality of transmit antennas, a like plurality of transmit signal paths, and a plurality of local oscillators. Each of the local oscillators can generate and provide a ramp signal to each of the plurality of transmit antennas such that each of a plurality of signals transmitted by the plurality of transmit antennas have a frequency which linearly changes from a first frequency to a second frequency and having different first frequencies. The MIMO receiver includes a second plurality of receive antennas and a like plurality of receive signal paths. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In an automotive vehicle radar system, a sensor comprising a multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) transmitter comprising: a transmit antenna; a plurality of transmit signal paths, each of the transmit signal paths having an input and an output with the output coupled to the transmit antenna; and a plurality of signal sources, each of the plurality of signal sources coupled to at least one of the plurality of transmit signal path inputs and each of the signal sources configured to generate and provide a chirp signal to each of the plurality of transmit signal paths such that each of a plurality of chirp signals emitted by the transmit antenna has a frequency which changes from a first predetermined frequency to a second predetermined frequency over a predetermined period of time, and wherein each of the plurality of signals have a different first predetermined frequency; and a MIMO receiver comprising: a receive antenna; and a plurality of receive signal paths, each of the receive signal paths having an input coupled to the receive antenna and an output at which an intermediate frequency (IF) signal is provided and wherein each of the receive signal paths is coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of signal sources such that each receive signal path is configured to receive at least a portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of chirp signals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of chirp signals are separated by a predetermined frequency spacing from a second, different one of the plurality of chirp signals such that the plurality of chirp signals chirp in parallel from the first predetermined frequency to the second predetermined frequency. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of chirp signals are linear chirp signals. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of chirp signals are linear frequency modulated continuous wave chirp signals. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The sensor of claim 2, wherein the predetermined frequency spacing is equal between each of the plurality of chirp signals. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The sensor of claim 5, wherein the predetermined frequency spacing is maintained between each of the plurality of chirp signals within a chirp window. ### Claim 7 (depends on 2) The sensor of claim 2, wherein the predetermined frequency spacing is different between one or more of the plurality of chirp signals. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The sensor of claim 7, wherein the predetermined frequency separation is different at different points in time within a chirp window. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein a rate of change of the plurality of chirp signals corresponds to a difference between the first predetermined frequency and the second predetermined frequency. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of receive signal paths comprise a frequency downconverter having a first input coupled to at least one signal source of the plurality of signal sources to receive a local oscillator signal and a second input coupled to an output of the at least one of the plurality of receive antennas, wherein the frequency downconverter generates an IF signal corresponding to a difference between a frequency of a return chirp signal and a frequency of the oscillator signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein the frequency downconverter for each of the plurality of receive signal paths provides a different IF signal for chirp signals transmitted from the same transmit signal path. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The sensor of claim 1, wherein the transmit antenna comprises a plurality of transmit antennas. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The sensor of claim 12, wherein the receive antenna comprises a plurality of receive antennas. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The sensor of claim 13, wherein the number of receive antennas is equal to the number of transmit antennas. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The sensor of claim 13, wherein the number of receive antennas is equal to the number of chirp signals in the plurality of chirp signals. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The sensor of claim 13, wherein the number of receive antennas is different than the number of chirp signals in the plurality of chirp signals. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein a bandwidth of the MIMO receiver is proportional to a number of the plurality of transmit antennas. ### Claim 18 A method for transmitting and receiving signal for an automotive vehicle radar system, the method comprising: generating a plurality of chirp signals with each of the chirp signals having a frequency characteristic such that the chirp signals linearly increase in frequency from a first predetermined frequency at a first point in time to a second predetermined frequency at a second point in time, wherein the first predetermined frequency of each of the plurality of chirp signals is different; transmitting the plurality of chirp signals through a like plurality of transmit antennas; receiving a plurality of return chirp signals at a plurality of receive antennas, wherein each of the plurality of transmit antennas are paired with at least one of the plurality of receive antennas as a transmit reference; at each of the plurality of receive antennas, comparing one or more of the plurality of return chirp signals to one or more oscillator signals, each of the one or more oscillator signals corresponding to the transmit reference of the respective one of the plurality of receive antennas; determining an intermediate frequency for each of the one or more of the plurality of return chirp signals, wherein the intermediate frequency corresponds to a difference between a respective return chirp signal and a respective one of the one or more oscillator signals; and identifying a respective one of the plurality of transmit antennas that transmitted the one or more of the plurality of received signals. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising transmitting the plurality of chirp signals through a single antenna coupled to the plurality of transmit antennas. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising transmitting the plurality of chirp signals through the plurality of transmit antennas, wherein each of the plurality of transmit antennas are coupled to a single transmitter. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein at least one of the plurality of receive antennas is coupled to multiple different receivers. ### Claim 22 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein two or more of the plurality of receive antennas are coupled to a single receiver. ### Claim 23 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of chirp signals chirp in parallel from the first predetermined frequency to the second predetermined frequency. ### Claim 24 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of chirp signals are separated by a predetermined frequency spacing from a second, different one of the plurality of chirp signals as the plurality of chirp signals chirp in parallel from the first predetermined frequency to the second predetermined frequency. ### Claim 25 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein an intermediate frequency bandwidth of each of the plurality of receive antennas is proportional the predetermined frequency spacing. ### Claim 26 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising determining a different intermediate frequency for signals transmitted from the same transmit antennas of the plurality of transmit antennas by each of the plurality of receive antennas. ### Claim 27 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising transmitting the plurality of chirp signals substantially concurrently from each of the plurality of transmit antennas. ### Claim 28 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising receiving the plurality of chirp signals substantially concurrently at each of the plurality of receive antennas. ### Claim 29 In an automotive radar system, a sensor comprising: a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmitter comprising: a plurality of means for emitting; a like first plurality of transmit signal paths, each of the transmit signal paths having an input and an output with the output coupled to a corresponding one of said plurality of means for emitting; a first means for generating radiofrequency (RF) chirp signals to each of the transmit signal paths, wherein each RF signal path receives a corresponding one of a like plurality of RF chirp signals with each of said chirp signals having a frequency which linearly changes from a first frequency to a second, different frequency, and wherein each of the plurality of RF chirp signals has a different first frequency; and a MIMO receiver comprising: a plurality of means for receiving; and a like second plurality of receive signal paths, each of said receive signal paths having input coupled to a corresponding one of said means for receiving and coupled to receive a portion of a respective one of said RF chirp signals such that each of said receive signal paths receive a portion of a corresponding one of the RF chirp signal provided to each of said plurality of RF transmit paths. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The sensor of claim 29, wherein each of the plurality of RF chirp signals are separated by a predetermined frequency spacing from a second, different one of the plurality of RF chirp signals such that the plurality of RF chirp signals chirp in parallel from the first predetermined frequency to the second predetermined frequency. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The sensor of claim 30, wherein the predetermined frequency spacing is equal between each of the plurality of RF chirp signals. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The sensor of claim 31, wherein the predetermined frequency spacing is maintained between each of the plurality of RF chirp signals within a chirp window. ### Claim 33 (depends on 30) The sensor of claim 30, wherein the predetermined frequency spacing is different between one or more of the plurality of RF chirp signals. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The sensor of claim 33, wherein the predetermined frequency separation can be different at different points in time within a chirp window.