Quaternized nitrogen compounds and use thereof as additives in fuels and lubricants

A reaction product or quaternizable nitrogen compound obtained from the reaction product,

• the reaction product being obtained by reacting a hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid compound with a compound comprising at least one nitrogen group capable of an addition reaction with the polycarboxylic acid, and comprising at least one quaternizable amino group, to obtain a quaternizable hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid compound, and subsequent reaction thereof with a quaternizing agent which converts the at least one quaternizable amino group to a quaternary ammonium group, said quaternizing agent being the alkyl ester of a cycloaromatic or cycloaliphatic mono- or polycarboxylic acid, especially of a mono- or dicarboxylic acid, or of an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid, especially dicarboxylic acid, wherein said compound comprising said at least one nitrogen group capable of an addition reaction is a N-alkyl-substituted analog of a straight-chain polyamine,
• wherein the quaternizable nitrogen compound is obtained by reacting a quaternizable hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid compound comprising at least one tertiary quaternizable amino group with a quaternizing agent which converts the at least one tertiary amino group to a quaternary ammonium group,
• wherein said quaternizing agent being the alkyl ester of a cycloaromatic or cycloaliphatic mono- or polycarboxylic acid or of an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid.