An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer having a single-layer structure, wherein
- the photosensitive layer contains a charge generating material, an electron transport material, a polycarbonate resin, and a hole transport material,
- the electron transport material includes a compound having a halogen atom and represented by a general formula (1), (2), (3), (4), or (5),
- the polycarbonate resin has a terminal group having a fluoro group and represented by a general formula (10),
- the hole transport material includes a compound represented by a general formula (20), (21), (22), (23), (24), (25), (26), or (27),
- a charge of calcium carbonate as measured by charging the calcium carbonate through friction with the photosensitive layer is at least +6.5 μC/g, and
- the photosensitive layer has a Vickers hardness of at least 17.0 HV at 45° C.,
- where in the general formula (1), R1 represents:
- an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 8 and at least 1 halogen atom;
- a cycloalkyl group having a carbon number of at least 3 and no greater than 10 and at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14 and at least 1 halogen atom and optionally having an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6;
- a heterocyclic group having at least 1 halogen atom;
- or an aralkyl group having a carbon number of at least 7 and no greater than 20 and at least 1 halogen atom,
- in the general formula (2), R21 and R22 each represent, independently of each other, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and R23 represents a halogen atom,
- in the general formula (3), R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, and R36 each represent, independently of one another:
- a halogen atom;
- a hydrogen atom;
- an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an alkenyl group having a carbon number of at least 2 and no greater than 6 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an alkoxy group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aralkyl group having a carbon number of at least 7 and no greater than 20 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- a heterocyclic group optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- a cyano group;
- a nitro group;
- a hydroxyl group;
- a carboxyl group;
- or an amino group, with the proviso that at least one of R31, R32, R33, R34, R35, and R36 represents a halogen atom or a chemical group having at least 1 halogen atom, X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or ═C(CN)2, and Y represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom,
- in the general formula (4), R41 and R42 each represent, independently of each other:
- an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 8 and at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14 and at least 1 halogen atom and optionally having an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6;
- an aralkyl group having a carbon number of at least 7 and no greater than 20 and at least 1 halogen atom;
- or a cycloalkyl group having a carbon number of at least 3 and no greater than 20 and at least 1 halogen atom, R43 and R44 each represent, independently of each other, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14, a cycloalkyl group having a carbon number of at least 3 and no greater than 20, or a heterocyclic group, and b1 and b2 each represent, independently of each other, an integer of at least 0 and no greater than 4, and
- in the general formula (5), R51 and R52 each represent, independently of each other:
- an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14 and at least 1 alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14 and at least 1 benzoyl group and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- an aralkyl group having a carbon number of at least 7 and no greater than 20 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 8 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom;
- or a cycloalkyl group having a carbon number of at least 3 and no greater than 10 and optionally having at least 1 halogen atom, with the proviso that at least one of R51 and R52 represents a chemical group having at least 1 halogen atom,
- where in the general formula (10), Rf represents a straight chain or branched chain perfluoroalkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and m represents an integer of at least 1 and no greater than 3,
- where in the general formula (20), R201, R202, R203, and R204 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and d1, d2, d3, and d4 each represent, independently of one another, an integer of at least 0 and no greater than 5,
- in the general formula (21), R211, R212, R213, and R214 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and e1, e2, e3, and e4 each represent, independently of one another, an integer of at least 0 and no greater than 5,
- in the general formula (22), R221 and R222 each represent, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6,
- in the general formula (23), R231, R232, R233, and R234 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6,
- in the general formula (24), R241, R242, R243, and R244 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and f1, f2, f3, and f4 each represent, independently of one another, an integer of at least 0 and no greater than 5,
- in the general formula (25), R251, R252, R253, R254, and R255 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6,
- in the general formula (26):
- R261, R262, and R263 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6;
- g1, g2, and g3 each represent, independently of one another, an integer of at least 0 and no greater than 5, and R264 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6, and
- in the general formula (27):
- R271, R272, and R273, each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having a carbon number of at least 1 and no greater than 6:
- h1, h2, and h3 each represent, independently of one another, an integer of at least 0 and no greater than 5;
- and R274, R275, and R276 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or an aryl group having a carbon number of at least 6 and no greater than 14.