# US 2018/0323869 A1 · Detecting errors in optical messages

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- Number: US 2018/0323869 A1
- Document ID: US20180323869A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/775,497
- Filed: 2015-11-13
- Published: 2018-11-08
- Earliest claimed: 2015-11-13
- Assignees: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Developmen LP
- Applicants: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Developmen LP
- Inventors: Nikolas Anton Tezak; David Kielpinski; Jason Pelc; Thomas Van Vaerenbergh; Ranojoy Bose; Raymond G. Beausoleil
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180323869A1

## CPC

- H04B 10/07953: {Monitoring or measuring OSNR, BER or Q}
- G02B 6/29331: {operating by evanescent wave coupling}
- H04B 10/67: Optical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B 10/676: {for all-optical demodulation of the input optical signal}
- H04L 1/00: Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received {(correcting synchronisation H04L7/00)}
- H04L 1/0045: {Arrangements at the receiver end}
- H04L 1/0057: {Block codes (H04L1/0061, H04L1/0064 take precedence)}
- H04L 1/20: using signal quality detector
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

In example implementations, an apparatus includes a bus waveguide, a plurality of optical gates coupled to the bus waveguide and an injection coupler. The bus waveguide receives a plurality of constraint signals. Each optical gate outputs an internal state via a local phase shift when at least one of the plurality of constraint signals has a wavelength that matches a respective resonant wavelength. The injection coupler combines the at least one of the plurality of constraint signals with additional constraint signals that are injected. An error is detected in a bit of a message when an overall phase shift has occurred to the at least one of the plurality of constraint signals causing a power level to exceed a power level threshold of an optical gate when the at least one of the plurality of constraint signals constructively interferes with the additional constraint signals that are injected.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus comprising:
a bus waveguide, wherein the bus waveguide receives a plurality of constraint signals at an injection point;
a plurality of optical gates coupled to the bus waveguide, wherein each optical gate of the plurality of optical gates outputs an internal state via a local phase shift when at least one of the plurality of constraint signals has a wavelength that matches a respective resonant wavelength of the each optical gate of the plurality of optical gates; and
an injection coupler to combine the at least one of the plurality of constraint signals with additional constraint signals that are injected into the bus waveguide, wherein an error is detected in a bit of a message when an overall phase shift has occurred to the at least one of the plurality of constraint signals traveling through the plurality of optical gates and the bus waveguide, causing a power level to exceed a power level threshold of an optical gate of the plurality of optical gates when the at least one of the plurality of constraint signals constructively interferes with the additional constraint signals that are injected.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power level exceeding the power level threshold of the optical gate of the plurality of optical gates identifies the optical gate as causing the overall phase shift and switches the internal state of optical gate in response to the power level threshold being exceeded.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a plurality of different subsets of optical gates of the plurality of optical gates is selected for each constraint of a respective check sum.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the internal state stored in a resonator in each one of the plurality of optical gates and the internal state is associated with a bit value of the message associated with a respective one of the plurality of constraint signals.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of constraint signals comprises different wavelengths.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the optical gate that caused the overall phase shift is identified as a location of a bit error.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein correct message bits of the message are represented by the internal state of each one of the plurality of optical gates when a power level of the apparatus reaches a steady state.

### Claim 8

A method comprising:
receiving a constraint signal at an injection point into a series of a plurality of optical gates;
determining that the constraint signal incurred an overall phase shift through the series of the plurality of optical gates, wherein the overall phase shift is indicative of a corrupted bit of a message;
increasing a power level in response to the determining that the constraint signal incurred the overall phase shift;
repeating the determining and the increasing until the power level exceeds a power level threshold of at least one of the plurality of optical gates indicating that the at least one of the plurality of optical gates is a source of the corrupted bit; and
switching an internal state of the at least one of the plurality of optical gates in response to the power level threshold being exceeded.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, comprising:
repeating the determining, the increasing, the repeating and the switching until the power level reaches a steady state.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9, wherein a respective internal state of each one of the plurality of optical gates at the steady state is a respective bit value of the message.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the receiving at the injection point comprises receiving a plurality of constraint signals of different wavelengths.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, comprising:
applying a local phase shift by a respective one of the plurality of optical gates when a wavelength of the constraint signal matches a resonant wavelength of the respective one of the plurality of optical gates.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, comprising:
applying a final phase shift to the constraint signal such that the constraint signal that incurred the overall phase shift has a phase of 0 to constructively interfere additional constraint signals that are injected causing the power level to increase.

### Claim 14

A method comprising:
receiving, at an optical gate, a constraint signal;
determining that a wavelength of the constraint signal matches a resonant wavelength of a resonator of the optical gate;
applying a phase shift stored in the resonator to the constraint signal that contributes to an overall phase shift of the constraint signal;
receiving, at the optical gate, a subsequent constraint signal that includes the constraint signal that constructively interferes with additional constraint signals, wherein a power level of the subsequent constraint signal exceeds a power level threshold of the optical gate; and
switching an internal state of the optical gate in response to the power level threshold being exceeded.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein the resonant wavelength of the resonator is selected based on participation of a bit value stored in the optical gate with an associated constraint of a respective check sum.