# US 2018/0323486 A1 · Impedance matching in very high dielectric constant isolator/circulator junctions

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- Number: US 2018/0323486 A1
- Document ID: US20180323486A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/901,514
- Filed: 2018-02-21
- Published: 2018-11-08
- Earliest claimed: 2014-07-23
- Assignees: Skyworks Solutions, Inc.
- Applicants: Skyworks Solutions, Inc.
- Inventors: David Bowie Cruickshank; Michael David Hill; Iain Alexander MacFarlane
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180323486A1

## CPC

- H01P 1/387: Strip line circulators
- C04B 35/26: based on ferrites
- C04B 35/6261: {Milling}
- C04B 35/62655: {Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying}
- C04B 35/6267: {Pyrolysis, carbonisation or auto-combustion reactions}
- C04B 35/62695: {Granulation or pelletising (devices for shaping artificial aggregates from ceramic mixtures B28B1/004)}
- H01P 11/001: {Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type}
- C04B 2235/3206: Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/3208: Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
- C04B 2235/3225: Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/3232: Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
- C04B 2235/3239: Vanadium oxides, vanadates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. magnesium vanadate
- C04B 2235/3244: Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/3251: Niobium oxides, niobates, tantalum oxides, tantalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/3256: Molybdenum oxides, molybdates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. cadmium molybdate
- C04B 2235/3286: Gallium oxides, gallates, indium oxides, indates, thallium oxides, thallates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc gallate
- C04B 2235/3294: Antimony oxides, antimonates, antimonites or oxide forming salts thereof, indium antimonate
- C04B 2235/3296: Lead oxides, plumbates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silver plumbate
- C04B 2235/3298: Bismuth oxides, bismuthates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc bismuthate
- C04B 2235/5427: millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
- C04B 2235/5436: micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
- C04B 2235/5445: submicron sized, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
- C04B 2235/6021: Extrusion moulding
- C04B 2235/6025: Tape casting, e.g. with a doctor blade
- C04B 2235/604: Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
- C04B 2235/764: Garnet structure A3B2(CO4)3
- H01P: WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B)
- C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE

## Abstract

Disclosed are embodiments of isolator/circulator junctions that can be used for radio-frequency (RF) applications, and methods of manufacturing the junctions. The junctions can have excellent impedance matching, even as they are being miniaturized, providing significant advantages over previously used junctions. The junctions can be formed of both high and low dielectric constant material.

## Claims

### Claim 1

(canceled)

### Claim 2

A radiofrequency junction comprising:
a dielectric ring, the dielectric ring being composed of at least one first dielectric constant material segment and at least one second dielectric constant material segment, the at least one first dielectric constant material segment and the at least one second dielectric constant material segment having different dielectric constants.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 2 further including a high dielectric constant disc located within an aperture of the dielectric ring.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 3 further including a ferrite ring located within the aperture of the dielectric ring and surrounding the high dielectric constant disc.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 3 wherein the high dielectric constant disc is a ferrite disc.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 2 further including at least one transmission line, wherein the at least one first dielectric constant material segment has a dielectric constant lower than the at least one second dielectric constant material segment and is located over the at least one transmission line.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 6 wherein the at least one first dielectric constant material segment has about a same width as the at least one transmission line.

### Claim 8 (depends on 2)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 2 further including a plurality of first dielectric constant material segments and a plurality of second dielectric constant material segments.

### Claim 9 (depends on 2)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 2 wherein the at least one first dielectric constant material segment has a dielectric constant less than a dielectric constant of the at least one second dielectric constant material segment.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 9 wherein the at least one first dielectric constant material segment has a dielectric constant of less than 30 and the at least one second dielectric constant material segment has a dielectric constant of at least 30.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 9 wherein the dielectric ring includes two first dielectric constant material segments and the junction is configured to be a circulator.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 9 wherein the dielectric ring includes three first dielectric constant material segments and the junction is configured to be a isolator.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 9 wherein the at least one first dielectric constant material segment is a mixture of magnesium titanate and calcium titanate.

### Claim 14 (depends on 9)

The radiofrequency junction of claim 9 wherein the at least one second dielectric constant material segment is a mixture of magnesium titanate and calcium titanate.

### Claim 15

A radiofrequency device comprising:
a junction having a dielectric ring, the dielectric ring being composed of at least one first dielectric constant material segment and at least one second dielectric constant material segment, the at least one first dielectric constant material segment and the at least one second dielectric constant material segment having different dielectric constants.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The radiofrequency device of claim 15 further including a high dielectric constant disc located within an aperture of the dielectric ring.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The radiofrequency device of claim 15 wherein the radiofrequency device is a transceiver or an amplifier.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The radiofrequency device of claim 15 further including a plurality of first dielectric constant material segments and a plurality of second dielectric constant material segments.

### Claim 19

A method of forming a junction for a radiofrequency device:
inserting a disc into a dielectric ring, the dielectric ring being composed of at least one first dielectric constant material segment and at least one second dielectric constant material segment, the at least one first dielectric constant material segment and the at least one second dielectric constant material segment having different dielectric constants.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the disc is a high dielectric constant ferrite disc.

### Claim 21 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the disc is adhered into the dielectric ring using an adhesive.