# US 2018/0323342 A1 · Pixel structure and display apparatus having the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2018/0323342 A1 - Document ID: US20180323342A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/815,718 - Filed: 2017-11-17 - Published: 2018-11-08 - Earliest claimed: 2017-05-05 - Assignees: E Ink Holdings Inc. - Applicants: E Ink Holdings Inc. - Inventors: Xue-Hung TSAI; Wei-Tsung CHEN; Henry WANG; Po-Hsin LIN - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180323342A1 ## CPC - H10D 1/68: Capacitors having no potential barriers - G09G 3/3655: {Details of drivers for counter electrodes, e.g. common electrodes for pixel capacitors or supplementary storage capacitors} - H10D 86/481: {integrated with passive devices, e.g. auxiliary capacitors} - H10D 86/60: wherein the TFTs are in active matrices - H10H 20/83: Electrodes - H10K 59/12: Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays - H10K 59/1216: {the pixel elements being capacitors} - G09G 2300/0439: Pixel structures - H10D: INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES - G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00) - H10H: INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS - H10K: ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES ## Abstract A pixel structure includes a substrate, a gate electrode disposed on the substrate, a capacitor electrode disposed on the substrate, a first insulation layer, an active layer disposed on the first insulation layer, a drain electrode, a source electrode and an extension electrode. The capacitor electrode is spaced apart from the gate electrode. The first insulation layer covers the gate electrode and the capacitor electrode. The first insulation layer has a recess vertically above the capacitor electrode. The drain and the source electrodes are disposed on the active layer and spaced apart from each other. The extension electrode extends from the drain electrode or the source electrode into the recess. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A pixel structure, comprising: a substrate; a gate electrode disposed on the substrate; a capacitor electrode disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from the gate electrode; a first insulation layer covering the gate electrode and the capacitor electrode, the first insulation layer having at least two recesses vertically above the capacitor electrode; an active layer disposed on the first insulation layer; drain and source electrodes disposed on the active layer and spaced apart from each other; and an extension electrode extending from the drain electrode or the source electrode into the recesses. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the first insulation layer comprises a gate insulation portion vertically above the gate electrode, and a thickness of the gate insulation portion is greater than a distance from a bottom surface of one of the recesses to the capacitor electrode. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein one of the recesses has a sidewall vertically above the capacitor electrode. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein one of the recesses has a depth, and a top edge of the one of the recesses and the capacitor electrode are separated by a distance, and a ratio of the depth to the distance ranges from 1/9 to 7/9. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein a bottom surface of one of the recesses is separated by a distance from the capacitor electrode, and the distance ranges from about 1000 angstroms to about 4000 angstroms. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the first insulation layer further comprises at least one insulation protrusion protruding from a bottom surface of one of the recesses. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The pixel structure of claim 6, wherein the insulation protrusion and the first insulation layer are monolithically connected. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The pixel structure of claim 6, wherein a plurality of the at least one insulation protrusions are arranged on the bottom surface of the one of the recesses in a spaced apart manner. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The pixel structure of claim 8, wherein the insulation protrusions have the same thickness. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The pixel structure of claim 6, wherein the one of the recesses has a depth, and a top surface of the insulation protrusion is separated by a distance from the capacitor electrode, and a ratio of the depth to the distance ranges from 1/9 to 7/9. ### Claim 11 (depends on 6) The pixel structure of claim 6, wherein the extension electrode further extends to over the insulation protrusion. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, wherein the extension electrode is undulation-shaped and has a plurality of peaks and troughs arranged in an alternating manner. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The pixel structure of claim 1, further comprising: a second insulation layer having first and second portions connected with each other, the first portion covering the active layer, the source electrode and the drain electrode, the second portion covering the extension electrode, and the second portion being undulation-shaped and having a plurality of peaks and troughs arranged in an alternating manner. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The pixel structure of claim 13, further comprising: a third insulation layer covering the second insulation layer, wherein the third insulation layer has a capacitor covering portion vertically above the capacitor electrode, the capacitor covering portion has top and bottom surfaces opposite to each other, and the top and bottom surfaces have different shapes. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The pixel structure of claim 14, wherein the bottom surface of the capacitor covering portion is conformal to the second portion of the second insulation layer. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The pixel structure of claim 13, further comprising: a pixel electrode penetrating through the second insulation layer and in contact with the source electrode or the drain electrode, wherein a portion of the pixel electrode is vertically above the capacitor electrode, and the portion of the capacitor electrode has a shape different from a shape of the second portion of the second insulation layer. ### Claim 17 A pixel structure, comprising: a substrate; a gate electrode disposed on the substrate; a capacitor electrode disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from the gate electrode; a first insulation layer covering the gate electrode and the capacitor electrode, a thickness of the first insulation layer vertically above the gate electrode being greater than that vertically above the capacitor electrode, the first insulation layer having at least one recess vertically above the capacitor electrode and at least one first protrusion adjacent to the recess; an active layer disposed on the first insulation layer; and drain and source electrodes disposed on the active layer and spaced apart from each other. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The pixel structure of claim 17, wherein the first insulation layer has a plurality of second protrusions vertically above the capacitor electrode. ### Claim 19 A display apparatus, comprising: a pixel structure, comprising: a substrate; a gate electrode disposed on the substrate; a capacitor electrode disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from the gate electrode; a first insulation layer covering the gate electrode and the capacitor electrode, the first insulation layer having at least two recesses vertically above the capacitor electrode; an active layer disposed on the first insulation layer; drain and source electrodes disposed on the active layer and spaced apart from each other; and an extension electrode extending from the drain electrode or the source electrode into the recesses; and a display layer over the pixel structure.