# US 2018/0320784 A1 · Method for power shifting in hybrid automatic transmissions by means of a dual-clutch strategy involving transformation

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- Number: US 2018/0320784 A1
- Document ID: US20180320784A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/774,743
- Filed: 2016-11-24
- Published: 2018-11-08
- Earliest claimed: 2015-11-27
- Assignees: IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr
- Applicants: IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr
- Inventors: Alexander LAMPE; Uwe METTIN
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180320784A1

## CPC

- F16H 61/0437: {by using electrical signals (F16H61/0403 and F16H61/061 take precedence)}
- B60W 10/06: including control of combustion engines
- B60W 20/40: Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers {(power-up or power-down of the driveline B60W30/192)}
- F16H 3/724: {using externally powered electric machines}
- F16H 61/686: with orbital gears
- F16H 61/688: with two inputs, e.g. selection of one of two torque-flow paths by clutches
- F16D 2500/1085: Automatic transmission
- F16D 2500/7044: Output shaft torque
- F16H 2306/40: Shifting activities
- F16H: GEARING
- B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- F16D: COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES

## Abstract

A method for power shifting in hybrid automatic transmissions which can have any topology and are equipped with any number of additional drive units includes a generic transformation of the effective correlations between real transmission variables into virtual variables relating to a dual-clutch transmission such that a dual-clutch power shifting core having typical basic shifting modes can be used.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for output-neutral load switching of hybridized automatic transmissions with an arbitrary number of gears and a number n of clutches and with a first of p drive units and at least one further of p drive units on the basis of a transformation of real transmission variables of the hybridized automatic transmission to virtual variables of a dual-clutch transmission with associated dual-clutch-transmission-specific basic shifting modes comprising the following steps:
initiation of a shifting process for a gear-change pair (i, j) from a gear i with an actual gear ratio (yi) to a gear j with a target gear ratio (yj) in dependence on a target gear preselection,
sensing of actual variables of the hybridized automatic transmission and of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit, wherein the actual variables comprise at least one of the following variables:
a drive shaft rpm (ωin) of at least one drive shaft of the hybridized automatic transmission,
an output shaft rpm (ωout) of an output shaft of the hybridized automatic transmission,
a drive torque (Tin) made available by the first and/or by the at least one further drive unit and present at the at least one drive shaft of the hybridized automatic transmission,
currently set clutch capacities (Tcap) of the n clutches and/or
a minimally and/or maximally available drive torque (Tin,min, Tin,max) of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit,
selection of at least one transformation factor in dependence on at least one actual variable and on the gear-change pair (i, j) from tables of states,
calculation of at least one transformation equivalent for the calculation of at least one dual-clutch-transmission-specific actuating quantity by the basic shifting mode of the dual-clutch transmission in dependence on at least one actual variable and/or on the at least one transformation factor,
calculation of at least one dual-clutch-transmission-specific actuating quantity by a basic shifting mode in dependence on at least one actual variable and/or on the at least one transformation factor and/or on the at least one transformation equivalent,
calculation of at least one automatic-transmission-specific actuating quantity in dependence on at least one actual variable and/or on the at least one transformation factor and/or on the at least one transformation equivalent and/or on the at least one dual-clutch-transmission-specific actuating quantity and
implementation of the at least one automatic-transmission-specific actuating quantity by at least one actuator and by the at least one further drive unit.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method for load switching of hybridized automatic transmissions according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the transformation factors comprises at least one of the following steps:
selection of coefficients (a(i,j)) determining the automatic-transmission topology in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) from a table of states.
selection of effective factors (b(i,j)) of clutch capacities (Tcap) r to be set, of the n clutches and of a drive torque (TEM) delivered by one of the at least one further drive units in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) from a table of states,
indexing (idx(i,j)) of the none or at least one on-coming (idxkom(i,j)) and of the none or at least one off-going (idxgeh(i,j)) clutch and of the none or at least one clutch that remains closed (idxblb(i,j)) of then clutches and of the status (idxEm(i,j)) of the at least one further drive unit in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) and/or on the selected mode of operation from a table of states,
selection of a gear-change-pair-dependent drive mass moment of inertia (Jin(i,j)) of the hybridized automatic transmission and of a gear-change-pair-dependent output mass moment of inertia (Jout(i,j)) of the hybridized automatic transmission in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) from a table of states,
selection of coefficients (ci,j)) for determination of cutting torques (Tcut,blb) for the m clutches that remain closed and for determination of a holding torque (Tcut,EM) of the at least one further drive units in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) from a table of states and/or
selection of maximally transmittable clutch capacities (Tcap,max) of the n clutches in dependence on at least one actual variable,
wherein the calculation of the at least one transformation equivalent comprises at least one of the following steps:
calculation of an equivalent drive mass moment of inertia (Jin(DCT)) in dependence on the gear-change-pair-dependent drive mass moment of inertia (Jin(i,j)) and on the gear-change-pair-dependent output mass moment of inertia (Jout(i,j)) and on an rpm ratio (ωout/ωin) of the output shaft rpm (ωout) and on the drive shaft rpm (ωin) and on the coefficients (ai,j)),
calculation of dual-clutch-transmission-specific input-shaft rpms (ωin(i)) and (ωin(j)) in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) and on the output-shaft rpm (ωout) as well as on the actual gear ratio (yi) and on the target gear ratio (yj),
calculation of effective directions of the cutting torques (Tcut,blb) for the m clutches that remain closed in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) and on the clutch rpms (ωin(i,j)) and (ωout(i,j)) of the n clutches,
calculation of effective-direction-adapted coefficients ({tilde over (c)}(i,j)) in dependence on the calculated effective directions of the cutting torques (Tcut,blb) and on the coefficients (c(i, j)) for determination of the cutting torques (Tcut,blb) for the m clutches that remain closed, calculation of the cutting torques (Tcut,blb) on the m clutches that remain closed and of the holding torque (Tcut,EM) of the at least one further drive unit independence on the effective-direction-adapted coefficients ({tilde over (c)}(i,j)) and on the drive torque (Tin) and of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit and on the currently set clutch capacities (Tcap) of the n clutches and on the current output gradient ({dot over (ω)}out) and on the drive torque (TEM) currently made available by the at least one further drive unit and present at an element of the hybridized automatic transmission and/or
calculation of a dual-clutch-transmission-specific extra-contact-pressure factor (kÜb,scale(DCT) and/or on a dual-clutch-transmission-specific extra-contact-pressure offset value (kÜb,offset(DCT)) in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) and on the effective factors (b(i,j)) and in dependence on global scaling factors or clutch-individual scaling factors and/or global offset values or clutch-individual offset values of the n clutches.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method for load switching of hybridized automatic transmissions according to claim 1, wherein the at least one dual-clutch-transmission-specific actuating quantity comprises one of the following variables:
a relative drive gradient (Δ{dot over (ω)}VKM) and/or a relative drive torque (ΔTVKM) of the first drive unit for rpm transfer,
basic-clutch capacities (Tcap,kom(DCT), (Tcap,geh(DCT)) for load acceptance during the shifting process for the on-coming and off-going clutch, wherein the basic-clutch capacities (Tcap,kom(DCT), (Tcap,geh(DCT)) can be mathematically converted by evaluation with the respective effective direction to basic-clutch torques (Tcl,kom,nom(DCT), (Tcl,geh,nom(DCT)) and/or
basic extra-contact-pressure clutch capacities (TÜb,kom(DCT), TÜb,geh(DCT)) for extra-contact-pressure control for the on-coming and off-going clutch in dependence on the dual-clutch-transmission-specific extra-contact-pressure factor (kÜb,scale(DCT)) and/or on the dual-clutch-transmission-specific extra-contact-pressure offset value (kÜb,offset (DCT)) and/or
a dual-clutch-transmission-specific load-switching torque (TEM(DCT)) of at least one further dual-clutch-transmission-equivalent drive unit.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method for load switching of hybridized automatic transmissions according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the automatic-transmission-specific actuating quantities comprises at least one of the following steps:
calculation of load-switching clutch capacities (Tcap,kom(AT), (Tcap,geh(AT)) for the on-coming and off-going clutch and calculation of a load-switching torque (TEM(AT)) of the at least one further drive unit in dependence on the basic clutch capacities (Tcap,kom(DCT), Tcap,geh(DCT)) and on the effective factors (bi,j)) and on the dual-clutch-transmission-specific load-switching torque (TEM(DCT)) of the at least one further dual-clutch-transmission-equivalent drive unit for load acceptance,
calculation of an engagement torque (ΔTin) of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit and/or at least one engagement torque (ΔTcl) of the none or at least one on-coming and/or of the none or at least one off-going clutch and/or of the none or at least one clutch that remains closed in dependence on the gear-change pair (i, j) and on the relative drive gradients (Δ{dot over (ω)}VKM) and/or on the relative drive torque (ΔTVKM) of the first drive for rpm transfer,
calculation at least of a compensating torque (ΔTcl,komp) of the none or at least one on-coming and/or of the none or at least one off-going and/or of the none or at least one open clutch and/or on a compensating torque (ΔTEM,komp) of the at least one further drive unit in dependence on the engagement torque (ΔTin) of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit and/or on the at least one engagement torque (ΔTcl) of the none or at least one on-coming and/or of the none or at least one off-going and/or of the none or at least one closed clutch and/or on the output gradient ({dot over (ω)}out ) and/or on the coefficients (aout(i,j), ain(i,j)) and/or on the gear-change-pair-dependent output mass moment of inertia (Jout(i,j)),
calculation of extra-contact-pressure clutch capacities (TÜb,blb) of the none or at least one clutch that remains closed in dependence on the cutting torques (Tcut,blb) for the m clutches that remain closed and on the global scaling factor or clutch-individual scaling factors and/or on the global offset values or clutch-individual offset values of the n clutches,
calculation of extra-contact-pressure clutch capacities (TÜb,kom(AT), (TÜb,geh(AT)) of the at least one on-coming and of the at least one off-going clutch in dependence on the basic extra-contact-pressure clutch capacities (TÜb,kom(DCT), (TÜb,geh(DCT)) and on the effective factors (b(i,j)).
calculation of the clutch capacities (Tcap) to be set for the n clutches and of the drive torque (TEM) to be set for the at least one further drive unit in dependence on the load-switching clutch capacities (Tcap,kom(AT), (Tcap,geh(AT)) and/or on the load-switching torque (TEM(AT)) of the at least one further drive unit and/or on the extra-contact-pressure clutch capacities (TÜb,kom(AT), (TÜb,geh(AT)) for the none or at least one on-coming and the none or at least one off-going clutch and/or on the extra-contact-pressure clutch capacities (TÜb,blb) of the none or at least one clutch that remains closed and/or on the cutting torques (T cut,blb) of the m clutches that remain closed and/or on the engagement torque (AΔin) of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit and/or on the at least one engagement torque (ΔT,cl) of the none or at least one on-coming and/or of the none or at least one off-going clutch and/or of the none or at least one clutch that remains closed and/or on the at least one compensating torque (ΔTcl,komp) of the none or at least one on-coming and/or of the none or at least one off-going and/or of the none or at least one open clutch and/or on the compensation torque (ΔTEM,komp) of the at least one further drive unit.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method for load switching of hybridized automatic transmissions according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the transformation equivalents comprises, alternatively or additionally, the calculation of dual-clutch-transmission-specific maximally settable clutch capacities (Tcap,geh,max (DCT), (Tcap,kom,max(DCT)) in dependence on the maximally transmittable clutch capacities (Tcap,max) of the n clutches and/or on the minimally and/or maximally available drive torques (Tin,min, Tin,max) of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit, wherein the basic clutch capacities (Tcap,kom(DCT), (Tcap,geh(DCT)) for load acceptance during the shifting process for the on-coming and the off-going clutch are additionally determined in dependence on the dual-clutch-transmission-specific maximally settable clutch capacities (Tcap,geh,max(DCT), (Tcap,kom,max(DCT)).

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method for load switching of hybridized automatic transmissions according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the transformation factors comprises, alternatively or additionally, the selection of a dual-clutch-transmission-specific minimally and/or maximally realizable drive gradient ({dot over (ω)}min(DCT), {dot over (ω)}max(DCT)) or a dual-clutch-transmission-specific minimally and/or maximally realizable drive-gradient change (Δ{dot over (ω)}min(DCT), Δ{dot over (ω)}max(DCT)) in dependence on at least one actual variable and/or on the maximally transmittable clutch capacities (Tcap,max) of the n clutches and/or on the minimally and/or maximally available drive torque (Tin,min, Tin,max) of the first and/or of the at least one further drive unit.