Systems and methods for interior energy-activation from an exterior source

3:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the energy modulation agent is configured to emit said light at an energy different from the initiation energy.

5:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the initiation energy source comprises at least one of at least one of an x-ray source, a gamma ray source, an electron beam source, an UV radiation source, a microwave source, or a radio wave source.

6:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the energy modulation agent comprises at least one of a sulfide, a telluride, a selenide and an oxide semiconductor.

8:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the medium comprises a medium to be fermented.

9:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the medium comprises a fluid medium to be sterilized or pasteurized.

10:

• The system of claim 9, wherein the medium comprises blood products or food products.

11:

• The system of claim 10, wherein the medium includes at least one organism selected from the group consisting of bacteria, viruses, yeasts, and fungi.

12:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the activatable agent comprises a photoactivatable agent.

13:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the activatable agent comprises an active agent contained within a photocage, and upon exposure to the initiation energy source, the photocage disassociates from the active agent, rendering the active agent available.

14:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the activatable agent is selected from psoralens, pyrene cholesteryloleate, acridine, porphyrin, fluorescein, rhodamine, 16-diazorcortisone, ethidium, transition metal complexes of bleomycin, transition metal complexes of deglycobleomycin organoplatinum complexes, alloxazines, vitamin Ks, vitamin L, vitamin metabolites, vitamin precursors, naphthoquinones, naphthalenes, naphthols and derivatives thereof having planar molecular conformations, porphorinporphyrins, dyes and phenothiazine derivatives, coumarins, quinolones, quinones, and anthroquinones.

15:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the activatable agent comprises a psoralen, a coumarin, or a derivative thereof.

16:

• The system of claim 15, wherein at least one of a cancer cell, a tumor cell, an autoimmune deficiency symptom virus, or a blood-borne germicide is treated by the psoralen, the coumarin, or the derivative thereof.

17:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the activatable agent comprises a photocatalyst.

18:

• The system of claim 17, wherein the photocatalyst comprises at least one of TiO2, ZnO, CdS, CdSe, SnO2, SrTiO3, WO3, Fe2O3, and Ta2O5 particles.

19:

• The system of claim 2, further comprising a magnetic mechanism configured to provide to the medium or collect from the medium the energy modulation agent.

20:

• The system of claim 19, wherein the energy modulation agent comprises a photon emitter selected from the group consisting of phosphorescent compounds, chemiluminescent compounds, and bioluminescent compounds.

21:

• The system of claim 20, wherein said energy modulation agent comprise a plurality of luminescent agents.

22:

• The system of claim 21, wherein said luminescent agents are selected from a group consisting of phosphorescent compounds, chemiluminescent compounds, and bioluminescent compounds which emit light upon exposure to said initiation energy.

23:

• The system of claim 21, wherein said luminescent agents comprise nanotubes, nanoparticles, chemilumiscent particles, and bioluminescent particles, and mixtures thereof.

24:

• The system of claim 21, wherein said luminescent agents comprise semiconducting or metallic materials.

25:

• The system of claim 21, wherein the luminescent agents comprise chemiluminescent agents which chemiluminesce upon exposure to microwave energy.

26:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the energy modulation agent is provided within the medium at a density where said light from the energy modulation agent is not occluded throughout the medium.

27:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the energy modulation agent converts the initiation energy to light that activates the activatable agent.

28:

• The system of claim 2, further comprising encapsulations of the energy modulation agent in the medium.

29:

• The system of claim 28, wherein said encapsulations comprise a density where said light emitted from the encapsulations is not occluded throughout the medium.

31:

• The system of claim 2, wherein said artificial container comprises a container that is permeable to said initiation energy.

32:

• The system of claim 2, wherein said artificial container is at least one of an aluminum container, a quartz container, a glass container, a plastic container or a construction thereof.

33:

• The system of claim 2, wherein said artificial container comprises a container which receives and transmits the initiation energy to fluid products to pasteurize the fluid products.

34:

• The system of claim 2, wherein said artificial container comprises a container which receives and transmits the initiation energy to fluid products to treat contaminants in the fluid products.

36:

• The system of claim 2, wherein the initiation energy is at a higher energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent, or that produced by the energy modulation agent.

38:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the energy modulation agent is configured to emit light at an energy different from the initiation energy.

40:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the initiation energy source comprises at least one of an x-ray source, a gamma ray source, an electron beam source, an UV radiation source, a microwave source, or a radio wave source.

41:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the energy modulation agent comprises at least one of a sulfide, a telluride, a selenide and an oxide semiconductor.

43:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the activatable agent comprises a photoinitiator.

44:

• The system of claim 43, wherein said photoinitiator comprises at least one of benzoin, substituted benzoins, alkyl ester substituted benzoins, Michler's ketone, dialkoxyacetophenones, diethoxyacetophenone, benzophenone, substituted benzophenones, acetophenone, substituted acetophenones, xanthone, substituted xanthones, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, diethoxyxanthone, chloro-thio-xanthone, azo-bisisobutyronitrile, N-methyl diethanolaminebenzophenone, camphoquinone, peroxyester initiators, non-fluorene-carboxylic acid peroxyesters and mixtures thereof.

45:

• The system of claim 37, wherein:
• the energy modulation agent comprises photon emitters configured to emit light at a wavelength which activates the activatable agent.

46:

• The system of claim 45, wherein said photon emitters comprise a plurality of luminescent agents.

47:

• The system of claim 46, wherein said luminescent agents are selected from the group consisting of phosphorescent compounds, chemiluminescent compounds, and bioluminescent compounds which emit light upon exposure to said initiation energy.

48:

• The system of claim 46, wherein said luminescent agents comprise nanotubes, nanoparticles, chemilumiscent particles, and bioluminescent particles, and mixtures thereof.

49:

• The system of claim 46, wherein said luminescent agents comprise semiconducting or metallic materials.

50:

• The system of claim 46, wherein the luminescent agents comprise chemiluminescent agents which show enhanced chemiluminescence upon exposure to microwave energy.

51:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the energy modulation agent comprises luminescent agents distributed throughout the medium whose emission cures the uncured medium throughout the medium.

52:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the energy modulation agent is provided within the medium at a density where light generated in the medium from the energy modulation agent is not occluded throughout the medium.

53:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the energy modulation agent converts the initiation energy to light that activates the activatable agent.

54:

• The system of claim 37, further comprising encapsulations of the energy modulation agent in the medium.

55:

• The system of claim 54, wherein said encapsulations comprise a density where light from the encapsulations is not occluded throughout the medium.

56:

• The system of claim 37, further comprising a container configured to contain the uncured radiation-curable medium.

57:

• The system of claim 56, wherein said container comprises at least one of an aluminum container, a quartz container, a glass container, a plastic container or a combination thereof.

58:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the initiation energy source is configured to irradiate said uncured radiation-curable medium in a joint region adhering one region of a utensil to another region of the utensil.

59:

• The system of claim 58, wherein the initiation energy source is configured to irradiate the joint region and thereby induce sterilization of the joint region due to the production of internal UV light inside the joint region.

60:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the initiation energy source is configured to irradiate a surface coating.

61:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the initiation energy source is configured to irradiate a mold of the radiation-curable medium.

62:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the radiation-curable medium comprises color pigments.

63:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the radiation-curable medium comprises fumed silica.

64:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the radiation-curable medium comprises a moisture cure promoter.

65:

• The system of claim 37, wherein:
• the energy modulation agent includes a magnetic substance.

66:

• The system of claim 37, wherein the initiation energy is at a higher energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent or is at a lower energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent.

67:

• The system of claim 37, wherein:
• the energy modulation agent includes a chemical or biological receptor.

69:

• The system of claim 68, further comprising energy modulation agents in the medium, said energy modulation agents including at least one of a sulfide, a telluride, a selenide and an oxide semiconductor.

72:

• The system of claim 71, wherein the initiation energy is at a higher energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent or is at a lower energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent.

74:

• The system of claim 72, wherein the encapsulated structures comprise the energy modulation agent encapsulated with a passivation layer.

75:

• The system of claim 71, wherein the artificial container comprises a container which receives and transmits the initiation energy to products within the medium.

76:

• The system of claim 75, wherein said products comprise plastics.

77:

• The system of claim 76, wherein said light from the energy modulation agent alters the surface structure of the plastics.

78:

• The system of claim 76, wherein said plastics comprise polylactic acid (PLA) plastics and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) plastics, and said activation energy photo-grafts a molecular species onto a surface of the plastics.

81:

• The system of claim 71, wherein the energy modulation agent comprises at least one of a sulfide, a telluride, a selenide and an oxide semiconductor.

84:

• The article of claim 83, wherein said at least one energy modulation agent comprises luminescent agents including at least one of a sulfide, a telluride, a selenide and an oxide semiconductor.

86:

• The article of claim 84, wherein said luminescent agents comprise nanotubes, nanoparticles, chemilumiscent particles, and bioluminescent particles, and mixtures thereof

87:

• The article of claim 84, wherein said luminescent agents comprise semiconducting or metallic materials.

88:

• The article of claim 84, wherein said luminescent agents comprise chemiluminescent agents.

89:

• The article of claim 83, further comprising color pigments.

90:

• The article of claim 83, further comprising fumed silica.

91:

• The article of claim 83, wherein:
• the energy modulation agent includes a magnetic substance.

92:

• The article of claim 83, wherein the energy modulation agent is configured to receive said initiation energy at a higher energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent, or at a lower energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent.

94:

• The article of claim 93, wherein said energy modulation agent comprises luminescent agents including at least one of a sulfide, a telluride, a selenide and an oxide semiconductor.

96:

• The article of claim 94, wherein said luminescent agents comprise nanotubes, nanoparticles, chemilumiscent particles, and bioluminescent particles, and mixtures thereof.

97:

• The article of claim 94, wherein said luminescent agents comprise nanoparticles of semiconducting or metallic materials.

98:

• The article of claim 94, wherein said luminescent agents comprise chemiluminescent particles.

99:

• The article of claim 93, further comprising color pigments.

100:

• The article of claim 93, further comprising fumed silica.

101:

• The article of claim 93, wherein:
• the energy modulation agent includes a magnetic substance.

102:

• The article of claim 93, wherein the energy modulation agent is configured to receive said initiation energy at a higher energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent or at a lower energy than that produced by the energy modulation agent.