Duplex process for rapid thermochemical conversion of carbonaceous raw materials

A duplex process for the production of gaseous, liquid and solid energy carriers from carbonaceous raw materials in the form of a variety of wastes, including municipal solid wastes, comprising:

• i. a pyrolysis reactor with a vertical shaft;
• ii. means for loading raw materials and technological additives in the upper part of the reactor;
• iii. means for removal of solid energy carrier in the lower part of the reactor;
• iv. a device for vapor gas discharge at the top of the reactor;
• v. a device for producing gaseous heat carrier, connected by a gas duct with the reactor;
• vi. a device for separation of vapor gas obtained in the reactor from solid particles;
• vii. a device of separation of vapor gases into liquid and gaseous phases different from the analogs by the facts that the device for obtaining necessary amount of the gaseous heat carrier with a gas temperature of 500-1000° C. is a vortex gasifier equipped with feeders and ash removal devices in the form of screw conveyors, collectors for supplying air to the air swirlers in the cavity of the gasifier from the blower through an air passage;
• the heat carrier is supplied from the gasifier to the lower and middle parts of the shaft of pyrolysis reactor, where the process of raw material conversion takes place in the countercurrent of rising flow of heat carrier and descending raw materials due to direct heat exchange between the heat carrier and the raw material at a temperature of 400-800° C. for 1-15 seconds;
• inside the reactor shaft there are shelves installed along its height made of slit mesh, inclined downwardly from the reactor walls, to which they are attached, to its center;
• the angle of inclination of the shelves is selected so as to ensure the movement (sliding) of raw materials under their own weight from the lower edge of the upper shelf to the upper part of the lower shelf;
• the upper part of the pyrolysis reactor shaft has a larger cross section than the lower parts;
• viii. a device for removal of solid energy carrier from the pyrolysis reactor in the form of screw conveyors.