# US 2018/0201849 A1 · All-Steam Gasification for Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle System

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- Number: US 2018/0201849 A1
- Document ID: US20180201849A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/868,334
- Filed: 2018-01-11
- Published: 2018-07-19
- Earliest claimed: 2017-01-15
- Assignees: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.
- Applicants: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.
- Inventors: Alex Wormser; John Parkes; Douglas M. Todd
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180201849A1

## CPC

- C10J 3/466: {Entrained flow processes}
- C10J 3/12: using solid heat-carriers
- C10J 3/485: {Entrained flow gasifiers}
- C10J 3/506: {for entrained flow gasifiers}
- C10J 3/56: Apparatus; Plants
- C10J 3/60: Processes
- C10J 3/66: by introducing them into the gasification zone
- C10J 3/82: Gas withdrawal means
- C10J 2300/0903: Feed preparation
- C10J 2300/0906: Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
- C10J 2300/093: Coal
- C10J 2300/0933: Coal fines for producing water gas
- C10J 2300/0936: Coal fines for producing producer gas
- C10J 2300/094: Char
- C10J 2300/0956: Air or oxygen enriched air
- C10J 2300/0959: Oxygen
- C10J 2300/0976: as steam
- C10J 2300/0993: Inert particles, e.g. as heat exchange medium in a fluidized or moving bed, heat carriers, sand
- C10J 2300/1215: using synthesis gas as fuel
- C10J 2300/1246: by external or indirect heating
- C10J 2300/1606: Combustion processes
- C10J 2300/165: integrated with a gas turbine or gas motor
- C10J 2300/1653: integrated in a gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
- C10J 2300/1671: with the production of electricity
- C10J 2300/1687: with steam generation
- C10J 2300/1807: Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
- C10J 2300/1853: Steam reforming, i.e. injection of steam only
- C10J 2300/1884: with one stream being synthesis gas
- C10J 2300/1892: with one stream being water/steam
- Y02E 20/16: Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E 20/18: Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
- Y02P 20/54: using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
- C10J: PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295); CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical CO2 power cycle system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying gas, and steam where the gasification chamber provides syngas, ash, and steam. A combustion chamber receives syngas and an oxidant and burns the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO2. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. A syngas cooler cools the syngas and generates steam and provides to a supercritical CO2 power cycle system that performs a supercritical CO2 power cycle for generating power.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical CO2 power cycle system comprising:
a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer, the micronized char preparation system being configured to receive solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and to produce micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles at one or more outlets;
b) an indirect gasifier comprising:
i. a vessel comprising a gasification chamber, the vessel being configured to receive the micronized char from the one or more outlets of the micronized char preparation system, a conveying gas, and steam, the gasification chamber providing syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets; and
ii. a combustion chamber being configured to receive syngas and an oxidant and to burn the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO2, the combustion chamber being further configured to transfer heat for gasification from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber using circulating refractory sand;
c) a syngas cooler having an inlet coupled to one of the one or more outlets of the gasification chamber of the indirect gasifier, the syngas cooler being configured to cool the syngas and to generate steam at an output; and
d) a supercritical CO2 power cycle system having an input that is coupled to an output of the syngas cooler, the supercritical CO2 power cycle system performing supercritical CO2 power cycle for generating power.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the vessel comprises the combustion chamber.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the indirect gasifier is configured to receive volatiles and hydrogen from one of the outlets of the micronized char preparation system.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the devolatilizer comprises a heated pressure vessel comprising an inlet for injecting fluidizing steam, and at least one outlet for removing volatiles and coarse char.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 further comprising a cyclone coupled to an outlet of the micronized char preparation system, the cyclone separating course char from volatiles and providing coarse char at a first outlet and providing volatiles a second outlet that is coupled to an input of the indirect gasifier.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the micronized char preparation system is configured to receive carbonaceous fuel comprising coal.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the steam, nitrogen, and CO2 generated by the indirect gasifier's combustor are directed to a products of combustion system that performs adiabatic calcium looping to remove CO2.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 7 wherein the removed CO2 is ported to the supercritical CO2 power cycle system.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 further comprising a small steam cycle that receives steam from the syngas cooler.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 9 wherein the supercritical CO2 power cycle system comprises the small steam cycle.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the combustion chamber that burns the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows further generates steam and nitrogen.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 11 further comprising an expander connected to a driver and to stack condensers, the expander receiving the steam and nitrogen generated by the combustion chamber of the indirect gasifier.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 12 wherein the driver comprises an electrical generator.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 further comprising a syngas cleanup system having an input that receives the syngas from an outlet of the syngas cooler, the syngas clean up system processing the syngas to separate impurities.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 14 further comprising a syngas compressor that compresses the syngas with separated impurities and that provides pressured syngas with separated impurities to the supercritical CO2 power cycle system.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the gasification chamber receives steam from the one or more outlets of the micronized char preparation system.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the gasification chamber receives steam from an outlet of a heat recovery system.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The carbonaceous fuel gasification system of claim 1 wherein the micronized char preparation system further comprises a counter-flow char cooler that preheats steam as it cools the char, a pressure let-down valve, a pulverizer that reduces the average size of the char to under 10μ, and an airlock that re-pressurizes the micronized char to the inlet.

### Claim 19

A method of carbonaceous fuel gasification, the method comprising:
a) producing micronized char, steam, volatiles, and hydrogen from solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, and oxygen;
b) fluidizing steam with a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer;
c) producing syngas and steam from the produced micronized char with an indirect gasifier comprising a vessel having a gasification chamber;
d) burning a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with an oxidant in a combustion chamber in the indirect gasifier to provide heat for gasification and heat for heating incoming gas flows, thereby generating CO2;
e) generating steam with a syngas cooler coupled to the indirect gasifier; and
f) directing CO2 generated by the indirect gasifier to a supercritical CO2 power cycle system.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the burning the mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the oxidant in the combustion chamber to provide heat for gasification and heat for heating incoming gas flows generates steam and nitrogen that is directed to a products of combustion system with adiabatic calcium looping.

### Claim 21 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the burning the mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the oxidant in the combustion chamber to provide heat for gasification and heat for heating incoming gas flows generates steam and nitrogen that is directed to a products of combustion system with a carbon capture system.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21 further comprising directing the steam and nitrogen generated by the combustor to an expander and then to stack condensers.

### Claim 23 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the burning the mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the oxidant in the combustion chamber to provide heat for gasification and heat for heating incoming gas flows generates steam that is directed to the supercritical CO2 power cycle system.

### Claim 24 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the method further comprises performing all-steam gasification.

### Claim 25 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the oxidant comprises oxygen.

### Claim 26 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the oxidant comprises air.

### Claim 27 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the burning the mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the oxidant in a combustion chamber further comprises adding CO2 to the oxidant.

### Claim 28 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the carbonaceous fuel comprises coal.

### Claim 29 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the producing syngas comprises providing the indirect gasifier with volatiles from the micronized char preparation system.

### Claim 30 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising injecting fluidizing steam into a heated pressure vessel in the devolatilizer and removing volatiles and coarse char from the heated pressure vessel.

### Claim 31 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising separating course char from volatiles with a cyclone and injecting the separated coarse char into the micronized char preparation system and injecting the volatiles into the indirect gasifier.

### Claim 32 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising directing the steam and CO2 generated by the indirect gasifier combustor to a product of combustion conditioning system before directing to the input of the supercritical CO2 power cycle system.

### Claim 33 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising processing the syngas to reduce impurities with a syngas clean-up system.

### Claim 34 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising receiving steam in the gasification chamber from a steam heater.

### Claim 35 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising receiving steam in the gasification chamber from a heat recovery system.

### Claim 36 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 wherein the producing syngas and steam from the micronized char with the indirect gasifier further comprises providing the indirect gasifier with volatiles from the micronized char preparation system.

### Claim 37 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19 further comprising directing the steam generated by the syngas cooler to a small steam cycle.

### Claim 38 (depends on 37)

The method of claim 37 wherein the supercritical CO2 power cycle system comprises the small steam cycle.