# US 2018/0175763 A1 · Electric System For An Electromechanical Power Transmission Chain > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2018/0175763 A1 - Document ID: US20180175763A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/844,691 - Filed: 2017-12-18 - Published: 2018-06-21 - Earliest claimed: 2016-12-21 - Assignees: Visedo Oy - Applicants: Visedo Oy - Inventors: Antti TARKIAINEN; Antti SUMMANEN - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180175763A1 ## CPC - H02P 17/00: Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric gears (vector control H02P21/00) - B60L 50/13: using AC generators and AC motors - B60L 50/15: with additional electric power supply (with capacitors charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/40; with batteries charged by engine-driven generators B60L50/61) - B60L 50/16: with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion - H02M 3/04: by static converters - H02P 9/00: Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output - H02P 27/00: Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage (of two or more motors H02P5/00; of synchronous motors with electronic commutators H02P6/00; of DC motors H02P7/00; of stepping motors H02P8/00) - H02P 2205/03: Power loop, i.e. comparison of the motor power with a power reference - Y10S 903/903: having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS ## Abstract The invention relates to an injected laser (200) comprising an optical amplifying medium (2) arranged inside a triggered laser cavity (3), the optical amplifying medium (2) having a spectral amplifying band. According to the invention, the injected laser (200) includes an optical phase-modulation device (20), arranged between the injection source (11) and the laser cavity (3), the optical phase-modulation device (20) being configured to periodically modulate as a function of time a phase of the monochromatic continuous laser radiation (10) at a modulation frequency (fm) equal to a natural integer multiple of the free spectral range (FSR) of the laser cavity (3), so that the phase-modulated injection source generates a polychromatic injection radiation (120). ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electric system comprising: a first capacitive circuit, converter equipment for transferring electric energy between the first capacitive circuit and one or more electric machines, the converter equipment being configured to convert first direct voltage of the first capacitive circuit into one or more voltages suitable for the one or more electric machines, a second capacitive circuit, a direct voltage converter for transferring electric energy between the first and second capacitive circuits, and a control system for controlling the direct voltage converter in response to changes of the first direct voltage, and for controlling the converter equipment in response to changes of second direct voltage of the second capacitive circuit, wherein the control system is faster to react to the changes of the first direct voltage than to the changes of the second direct voltage so as to keep the first direct voltage on a first predetermined voltage range and to allow the second direct voltage to fluctuate in response to fluctuation of electric power transferred between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to react to the changes of the second direct voltage slower when the second direct voltage is on a second predetermined voltage range than when the second direct voltage is outside the second predetermined voltage range. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to control the converter equipment at least partly based on a deviation of the second direct voltage from a reference, and the control system is configured to weight the deviation with a first gain coefficient when the deviation is positive and with a second gain coefficient different from the first gain coefficient when the deviation is negative. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to control the converter equipment to reduce transfer of electric energy to the first capacitive circuit in response to a situation in which the first direct voltage exceeds a predetermined over-voltage limit. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the control system is configured to control the converter equipment to reduce transfer of electric energy from the first capacitive circuit in response to a situation in which the first direct voltage falls below a predetermined under-voltage limit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein capacitance of the second capacitive circuit is greater than capacitance of the first capacitive circuit. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the second capacitive circuit comprises at least one electric double-layer capacitor. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the converter equipment comprises a first converter stage for transferring electric energy from a first one of the electric machines acting as a generator to the first capacitive circuit and a second converter stage for transferring electric energy from the first capacitive circuit to a second one of the electric machines acting as an electric motor. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) An electric system according to claim 8, wherein the control system is configured to determine a power reference for the first one of the electric machines at least partly on the basis of the second direct voltage, and to determine torque and speed references for the first one of the electric machines on the basis of the power reference and pre-stored data expressing a torque-speed operating point for a combustion engine producing mechanical power substantially equal to the power reference. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) An electric system according to claim 1, wherein the converter equipment comprises a converter stage for transferring electric energy from the electric machine to the first capacitive circuit when the electric machine acts as a generator, and for transferring electric energy from the first capacitive circuit to the electric machine when the electric machine acts an electric motor. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) An electric system according to claim 10, wherein the control system is configured to determine a torque reference for the electric machine at least partly on the basis of the second direct voltage, a power control signal of a combustion engine mechanically connected to the electric machine, and prevailing rotational speed of the electric machine. ### Claim 12 An electromechanical power transmission chain comprising: one or more electric machines for receiving mechanical power from one or more combustion engines and for supplying mechanical power to one or more actuators, and an electric system for supplying electrical power to each of the one or more electric machines when the electric machine under consideration acts as an electric motor and for receiving electrical power from each of the one or more electric machines when the electric machine under consideration acts as a generator, wherein the electric system comprises: a first capacitive circuit, converter equipment for transferring electric energy between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines, the converter equipment being configured to convert first direct voltage of the first capacitive circuit into one or more voltages suitable for the one or more electric machines, a second capacitive circuit, a direct voltage converter for transferring electric energy between the first and second capacitive circuits, and a control system for controlling the direct voltage converter in response to changes of the first direct voltage, and for controlling the converter equipment in response to changes of second direct voltage of the second capacitive circuit, the control system being faster to react to the changes of the first direct voltage than to the changes of the second direct voltage so as to keep the first direct voltage on a first predetermined voltage range and to allow the second direct voltage to fluctuate in response to fluctuation of electric power transferred between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines. ### Claim 13 A method for controlling an electromechanical power transmission chain that comprises a first capacitive circuit, one or more electric machines, and converter equipment transferring electric energy between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines, the converter equipment converting first direct voltage of the first capacitive circuit into one or more voltages suitable for the one or more electric machines, the method comprising: controlling a direct voltage converter to transfer electric energy between the first capacitive circuit and a second capacitive circuit in response to changes of the first direct voltage, and controlling the converter equipment in response to changes of second direct voltage of the second capacitive circuit, wherein the control of the direct voltage converter is faster to react to the changes of the first direct voltage than the control of the converter equipment is to react to the changes of the second direct voltage so as to keep the first direct voltage on a predetermined voltage range and to allow the second direct voltage to fluctuate in response to fluctuation of electric power transferred between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines. ### Claim 14 A non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with a computer program for controlling an electromechanical power transmission chain that comprises a first capacitive circuit, one or more electric machines, and converter equipment for transferring electric energy between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines, the converter equipment being configured to convert first direct voltage of the first capacitive circuit into one or more voltages suitable for the one or more electric machines, the computer program comprising computer executable instructions for controlling a programmable processor to: control a direct voltage converter to transfer electric energy between the first capacitive circuit and a second capacitive circuit in response to changes of the first direct voltage, and control the converter equipment in response to changes of second direct voltage of the second capacitive circuit, wherein the control of the direct voltage converter is faster to react to the changes of the first direct voltage than the control of the converter equipment is to react to the changes of the second direct voltage so as to keep the first direct voltage on a predetermined voltage range and to allow the second direct voltage to fluctuate in response to fluctuation of electric power transferred between the first capacitive circuit and the one or more electric machines.