# US 2018/0171818 A1 · Systems and methods for protecting a turbomachine

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- Number: US 2018/0171818 A1
- Document ID: US20180171818A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/843,814
- Filed: 2017-12-15
- Published: 2018-06-21
- Earliest claimed: 2016-12-15
- Assignees: Dresser-Rand Company; Rexa Corporation
- Applicants: Dresser-Rand Company; REXA, Inc.
- Inventors: Shannon Nimchan; John Limmer; Pedro Lopez; Ken Enos
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180171818A1

## CPC

- F01D 17/145: {by means of valves, e.g. for steam turbines (valves in general F16K)}
- F16K 31/1221: {one side of the piston being spring-loaded}
- F16K 31/363: the fluid acting on a piston (F16K31/38 takes precedence)
- F05D 2220/31: in steam turbines
- F05D 2260/57: using servos, independent actuators, etc.
- F15B 1/26: Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B 11/16: with two or more servomotors
- F15B 13/024: {Pressure relief valves}
- F15B 13/06: for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B 19/005: {Fault detection or monitoring}
- F15B 20/00: Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
- F15B 2211/20515: Electric motor
- F15B 2211/20561: reversible
- F15B 2211/30565: having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve
- F15B 2211/6313: the pressure being a load pressure
- F15B 2211/6336: representing a state of the output member, e.g. position, speed or acceleration
- F15B 2211/634: representing a state of a valve
- F15B 2211/6656: Closed loop control, i.e. control using feedback
- F15B 2211/7051: Linear output members
- F15B 2211/7052: Single-acting output members
- F15B 2211/7054: Having equal piston areas
- F15B 2211/85: Control during special operating conditions
- F15B 2211/855: Testing of fluid pressure systems
- F15B 2211/857: Monitoring of fluid pressure systems
- F15B 2211/8755: Emergency shut-down
- F15B 2211/8757: using redundant components or assemblies
- F01D: NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES (machines or engines for liquids F03; non-positive displacement pumps F04D)
- F16K: VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING {(devices for emptying and evacuating the excess liquid in valves or conduits F16L55/07)}
- F05D: INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F15B: SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

## Abstract

Systems and methods for protecting a turbomachine may include a trip throttle valve having a throttle valve assembly and a trip valve assembly. The trip valve assembly may include a plurality of trip valves fluidly coupled to a hydraulic cylinder of the throttle valve assembly via a first flow path and a second flow path in parallel with one another. The trip valve assembly may also include a plurality of isolation valves fluidly coupled to the hydraulic cylinder via the first flow path and the second flow path. The plurality of isolation valves may be configured to selectively prevent fluid communication between the plurality of trip valves and the hydraulic cylinder to allow testing of one or more of the plurality of trip valves during operation of the turbomachine.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A trip throttle valve, comprising:
a trip throttle valve inlet configured to receive a flow of process fluid from a process fluid source;
a trip throttle valve outlet configured to fluidly communicate with a turbomachine;
a throttle valve assembly defining a throttle valve chamber in fluid communication with the trip throttle valve inlet and the trip throttle valve outlet, the throttle valve assembly configured to control an amount of the process fluid flowing into the turbomachine, and the throttle valve assembly comprising
a valve seat disposed within the throttle valve chamber;
a valve head displaceable in the throttle valve chamber and configured in an open position to allow the process fluid to flow into the turbomachine and in a closed position to seat in the valve seat to prevent the process fluid from flowing into the turbomachine;
a piston connected to the valve head via a valve stem;
a biasing member disposed about the valve stem and configured to bias the piston in a first position such that the valve head is seated in the valve seat;
a hydraulic cylinder configured to receive the piston and a hydraulic fluid therein; and
an actuator assembly fluidly coupled with the hydraulic cylinder, the actuator assembly configured to transfer the hydraulic fluid to and from the hydraulic cylinder via a pressure differential across the piston; and
a trip valve assembly configured to selectively remove hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic cylinder, the trip valve assembly comprising
a plurality of trip valves fluidly coupled to the hydraulic cylinder via a first flow path and a second flow path, the plurality of trip valves comprising
a first trip valve and a second trip valve arranged in fluid communication with a first pressure relief valve in the first flow path; and
a third trip valve and a fourth trip valve arranged in fluid communication with a second pressure relief valve in the second flow path, the first flow path and the second flow path being in parallel with one another; and
a plurality of isolation valves fluidly coupled to the hydraulic cylinder via the first flow path and the second flow path, the plurality of isolation valves comprising
a first isolation valve and a second isolation valve arranged in the first flow path and configured to selectively prevent fluid communication between the first trip valve and the second trip valve and the hydraulic cylinder; and
a third isolation valve and a fourth isolation valve arranged in the second flow path and configured to selectively prevent fluid communication between the third trip valve and the fourth trip valve and the hydraulic cylinder.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The trip throttle valve of claim 1, wherein one or more trip valves of the plurality of trip valves are pilot-to-close check valves.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The trip throttle valve of claim 1, wherein one or more isolation valves of the plurality of isolation valves are manually-operated valves.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The trip throttle valve of claim 1, wherein the actuator assembly further comprises a pump fluidly coupled to the hydraulic cylinder in a closed loop configuration and configured to circulate the hydraulic fluid in the closed loop configuration.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The trip throttle valve of claim 4, wherein the hydraulic cylinder defines a cylindrical chamber in which the piston is disposed, wherein the piston separates the cylindrical chamber into a first cylindrical chamber section and a second cylindrical chamber section.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The trip throttle valve of claim 5, wherein the pump is reversible such that the pump may supply hydraulic fluid to either the first cylinder chamber section or the second cylinder chamber section.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The trip throttle valve of claim 6, wherein the actuator assembly further comprises:
a driver operatively coupled to the pump and configured to drive the pump in a first rotational direction to supply the hydraulic fluid to the first cylinder chamber section and a second rotational direction to supply the hydraulic fluid to the second cylinder chamber section; and
a reservoir fluidly coupled to a suction side of the pump and configured to store additional hydraulic fluid.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The trip throttle valve of claim 1, wherein:
the biasing member is a spring disposed in a spring housing coupled to the hydraulic cylinder and compressible based on an amount of hydraulic fluid provided to the first cylinder chamber section; and
the first pressure relief valve is fluidly coupled with a reservoir via a flow control orifice.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The trip throttle valve of claim 1, wherein the first pressure relief valve and the second pressure relief valve are in fluid communication with a reservoir.

### Claim 10

A protection system for a turbomachine, comprising:
a trip throttle valve comprising
a throttle valve assembly having a longitudinal axis and being configured to regulate a flow of process fluid into the turbomachine, the throttle valve assembly comprising a piston disposed within a hydraulic cylinder and configured to be axially displaced in the hydraulic cylinder based on an amount of hydraulic fluid provided to the hydraulic cylinder;
a trip valve assembly fluidly coupled to the hydraulic cylinder via a first flowpath and a second flowpath, the first and second flowpath being in parallel with one another, and the trip valve assembly comprising
a first isolation valve and a second isolation valve disposed in the first flowpath, each of the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve configured to selectively prevent fluid communication between the first flowpath of the trip valve assembly and the hydraulic cylinder;
a third isolation valve and a fourth isolation valve disposed in the second flowpath, each of the third isolation valve and a fourth isolation valve configured to selectively prevent fluid communication between the second flowpath of the trip valve assembly and the hydraulic cylinder;
a first trip valve disposed in the first flowpath and interposed between the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve; and
a second trip valve disposed in the second flowpath and interposed between the third isolation valve and the fourth isolation valve;
a control system configured to monitor an operation of the turbomachine for a trip condition during a testing of the trip valve assembly, the control system comprising
a plurality of sensors communicatively coupled to the turbomachine and configured to detect one or more operating parameters of the turbomachine;
a first controller communicatively coupled to the plurality of sensors, the first controller comprising at least one processor configured to receive at least one signal corresponding to at least one detected operating parameter of the turbomachine; and
a second controller communicatively coupled to the first controller and the throttle valve assembly, the second controller comprising at least one processor configured to transmit at least one instruction to the throttle valve assembly to cause the piston to be axially displaced in the hydraulic cylinder along the longitudinal axis based on information received from the first controller.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The protection system of claim 10, wherein the second controller is communicatively coupled to the trip valve assembly and configured to actuate at least one trip valve of the plurality of trip valves upon detection of a fault signal received by the first controller and indicative of imminent danger to the turbomachine.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The protection system of claim 11, wherein the plurality of sensors are configured to transmit the fault signal to the first controller.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The protection system of claim 10, wherein the hydraulic cylinder defines a cylindrical chamber in which the piston is disposed, wherein the piston separates the cylindrical chamber into a first cylindrical chamber section and a second cylindrical chamber section.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The protection system of claim 13, wherein the actuator assembly further comprises a pump fluidly coupled to the hydraulic cylinder in a closed loop configuration and configured to circulate the hydraulic fluid in the closed loop configuration.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The protection system of claim 14, wherein the pump is reversible such that the pump may supply hydraulic fluid to either the first cylinder chamber section or the second cylinder chamber section.

### Claim 16

A method for testing a trip throttle valve during operation of a turbomachine, comprising:
flowing a process fluid through the trip throttle valve and into an inlet of the turbomachine;
closing a first isolation valve and retaining a second isolation valve in an open position, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve disposed in a first flowpath fluidly coupling a trip valve assembly and a hydraulic cylinder of a the trip throttle valve;
retaining in an opened position a third isolation valve and a fourth isolation valve disposed in a second flowpath fluidly coupling the trip valve assembly and the hydraulic cylinder of the trip throttle valve, the first flowpath and the second flowpath being in parallel;
opening a first trip valve disposed in the first flowpath and interposed between the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve, such that the operation of the turbomachine is maintained; and
detecting a pressure in the first flowpath via a pressure sensor, the detected pressure indicative of an operating condition of the first trip valve.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising comparing the detected pressure to a predetermined pressure in a processor of a controller communicatively coupled to the trip valve assembly, the predetermined pressure indicative of the first trip valve being in an open position.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, further comprising:
closing the first trip valve;
detecting a second pressure in the first flowpath via the pressure sensor, the detected second pressure indicative of an operating condition of the first trip valve;
comparing the detected second pressure to a second predetermined pressure in the processor of the controller communicatively coupled to the trip valve assembly, the second predetermined pressure indicative of the first trip valve being in a closed position;
opening a second trip valve disposed in the first flowpath and interposed between the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve, such that the operation of the turbomachine is maintained;
detecting a third pressure in the first flowpath via the pressure sensor, the detected third pressure indicative of an operating condition of the second trip valve; and
comparing the detected third pressure to a third predetermined pressure in the processor of the controller communicatively coupled to the trip valve assembly, the second predetermined pressure indicative of the second trip valve being in an open position.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method of claim 18, further comprising:
closing the second trip valve;
opening the first trip valve, such that the operation of the turbomachine is maintained;
detecting a fourth pressure in the first flowpath via the pressure sensor, the detected fourth pressure indicative of an operating condition of the first trip valve;
comparing the fourth detected pressure to a fourth predetermined pressure in the processor of the controller communicatively coupled to the trip valve assembly, the fourth predetermined pressure indicative of the first trip valve being in an open position;
closing the first trip valve, such that the operation of the turbomachine is maintained;
detecting a fifth pressure in the first flow path via the pressure sensor, the detected fifth pressure indicative of an operating condition of the first trip valve;
comparing the fifth detected pressure to a fifth predetermined pressure in the processor of the controller communicatively coupled to the trip valve assembly, the fifth predetermined pressure indicative of the first trip valve being in a closed position; and
generating a signal in the controller indicative of the trip throttle valve being operational.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein:
at least one of the first isolation valve, the second isolation valve, the third isolation valve, and the fourth isolation valve is a manually operated valve;
each of the first trip valve and the second trip valve is a solenoid; and
each of the first flow path and the second flow path is fluidly coupled to a reservoir via a respective pressure relief valve.