Flash storage failure rate reduction and hyperscale infrastructure robustness enhancement through the mram-nor flash based cache architecture

A flash storage device, comprising:

• a PCIe interface for communicating with a host;
• a flash memory controller core coupled to the PCIe interface;
• a NAND flash interface coupled to the controller core and a plurality of NAND flash units;
• a metadata storage unit coupled to the controller core for storing metadata using a first non-volatile internal cache;
• and
• a data buffer for buffering data using a second non-volatile internal cache.

A method of writing data to a flash storage device, the method comprising:

• generating a logical block address (LBA) for a pending data block;
• storing the LBA and metadata associated with the pending data block in MRAM, wherein the metadata comprises a physical block address (PBA) for the data block;
• optionally updating the metadata and writing the metadata into NOR flash;
• and
• writing the data block from MRAM into NAND flash based on the PBA.