# US 2018/0026685 A1 · Excursion compensation in multipath communication systems having performance requirements parameters

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- Number: US 2018/0026685 A1
- Document ID: US20180026685A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/406,441
- Filed: 2017-01-13
- Published: 2018-01-25
- Earliest claimed: 2016-07-20
- Assignees: Ccip, LLC
- Applicants: Ccip, LLC
- Inventors: RONALD DUANE MCCALLISTER
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180026685A1

## CPC

- H04B 7/0456: Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
- H04B 17/336: Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
- H04W 24/02: Arrangements for optimising operational condition
- H04W 52/52: using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers
- H04B 7/0413: MIMO systems
- H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

Methods, apparatuses, and systems that compensate for communication excursions in multipath communication systems (e.g. MIMO communication systems) while satisfying performance requirements parameters of the communication system. A plurality of communication signals may be received in a transmitter. The plurality of communication signals may be precoded (e.g. mixed) into a plurality of precoded communication signals. Excursions in the precoded communication signals may be scaled to generate a plurality of excursion compensated precoded communication signals. The scaling may be based on performance requirements parameters of a communication system and based on parameters of the precoding the plurality of communication signals. The plurality of excursion compensated precoded communication signals may then be amplified by a plurality of amplifiers.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method comprising:
receiving a plurality of communication signals at a precoder;
precoding the plurality of communication signals at the precoder to output a plurality of precoded communication signals;
receiving each of the plurality of precoded communication signals at a different corresponding excursion compensation unit of a plurality of excursion compensation units;
excursion compensating the precoded communication signal at the corresponding excursion compensation unit to output an excursion compensated precoded communication signal, wherein the excursion compensating comprises:
extracting in a time domain an excursion portion of the precoded communication signal,
scaling in a frequency domain a plurality of subchannels of the excursion portion based on performance requirements parameters of a communication system and based on parameters of the precoding of the plurality of communication signals to generate a scaled excursion portion, and
subtracting the scaled excursion portion from the corresponding precoded communication signal to generate the excursion compensated precoded signal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, comprising:
amplifying the excursion compensated precoded communication signal at a corresponding amplifier to output an amplified excursion compensated precoded communication signal, wherein the corresponding amplifier is one of a plurality of amplifiers and each of the plurality of amplifiers is associated with one of the plurality of excursion compensation units;
propagating at a corresponding transmitting antenna the amplified excursion compensated precoded communication signal as a propagated excursion compensated precoded communication signal, wherein the corresponding transmitting antenna is one of a plurality of transmitting antennas and each of the plurality of transmitting antennas is associated with one of the excursion compensation units;
receiving at a plurality of receiving antennas of a receiver the propagated excursion compensated precoded communication signal, wherein:
the received excursion compensated precoded communication signal is one of a plurality of received excursion compensated precoded communication signals,
each of the plurality of received excursion compensated precoded communication signals is received at the plurality of receiving antennas of a receiver, and
each of the plurality of received excursion compensated precoded communication signals is associated with the plurality of precoded communication signals output from the precoder at the transmitter;
post processing at the receiver the received excursion compensated precoded communication signal with a plurality of received excursion compensated precoded communication signals to reconstruct the plurality of communication signals, wherein the plurality of reconstructed communication signals satisfies the performance requirements parameters of the communication system.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the performance requirements parameters are error vector magnitude specifications based on subchannel noise power levels of the plurality of reconstructed communication signals generated at the receiver compared to the plurality of communication signals generated at a transmitter.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein:
the precoding the plurality of communication signals into the plurality of precoded communication signals are precoded according to parameters of a V matrix to selectively mix each subchannel of the plurality of communication signals into subchannels of the plurality of precoded communication signals;
the performance requirements parameters of the communication system is represented by an E matrix; and
data power levels of the plurality of communication signals prior to precoding is represented by a P matrix; and
the scaling of the each subchannel of the plurality of precoded communication signals into the plurality of scaled precoded communications signals are scaled according to the parameters of a S matrix, wherein the S matrix is determined from the parameters of the V matrix, the parameters of the E matrix, and the parameters of the P matrix.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein:
the V matrix is represented as
[
v
11
…
v
1

M
⋮
⋱
⋮
v
M


1
…
v
MM
]
,
wherein the V matrix is a M by M matrix with M being a number of transmitters in the communication system, and wherein parameters of the V matrix are expressed as complex numbers;
a modified V matrix is represented as
[

v
11

2
…

v
M


1

2
⋮
⋱
⋮

v
1

M

2
…

v
MM

2
]
,
wherein parameters of the modified V matrix are derived from a calculation of absolute values squared of the parameters of a transpose of the V matrix;
the S matrix is represented as
[
S
1
⋮
S
M
]
,
wherein the S matrix is a M by 1 matrix with M being the number of transmitters in the communication system;
the E matrix is represented as
[
η
1
⋮
η
M
]
,
wherein the E matrix is a M by 1 matrix with M being the number of transmitters in the communication system and each parameter of the E matrix represents a maximum allowable noise to signal ratio requirement expressed as a percentage for the plurality of communication signals;
the P matrix is represented as
[
P
1
⋮
P
M
]
,
wherein the P matrix is a M by 1 matrix with M being the number of transmitters in the communication system; and
parameters of a
[
(
η
1
100
)
2

P
1
⋮
(
η
M
100
)
2

P
M
]
matrix are derived from parameters of the E matrix and the P matrix.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein the parameters of the modified V matrix are derived from the parameters of the V matrix based on an assumption that excursion waveforms present in the plurality of precoded communication signals are effectively independent.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein the assumption that the excursion waveforms present in the plurality of precoded communication signals ignores that the excursion waveforms are not rigidly independent.

### Claim 8 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein the parameters of the S matrix used in the scaling of the plurality of precoded communication signals are determined by solving an equality of
[

v
11

2
…

v
M


1

2
⋮
⋱
⋮

v
1

M

2
…

v
MM

2
]

[
S
1
⋮
S
M
]
=
[
(
η
1
100
)
2

P
1
⋮
(
η
M
100
)
2

P
M
]
for the parameters of the S matrix.

### Claim 9 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein the parameters of the S matrix used in the scaling of the plurality of precoded communication signals are determined by solving an inequality of
[

v
11

2
…

v
M


1

2
⋮
⋱
⋮

v
1

M

2
…

v
MM

2
]

[
S
1
⋮
S
M
]
≤
[
(
η
1
100
)
2

P
1
⋮
(
η
M
100
)
2

P
M
]
for the parameters of the S matrix.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, comprising amplifying the excursion compensated precoded communication signal at a corresponding amplifier to output an amplified excursion compensated precoded communication signal, wherein:
the corresponding amplifier is one of a plurality of amplifiers:
each of the plurality of amplifiers is associated with one of the plurality of excursion compensation units;
each of the plurality of excursion compensated precoded communication signals is amplified by only one of the plurality of amplifiers;
each of the plurality of amplifiers has a corresponding input signal magnitude threshold characteristic;
the excursion compensating is performed on the excursion portion of each of the plurality of precoded communications signals whose magnitude exceed the corresponding input signal magnitude threshold of the corresponding amplifier such that the excursion compensated precoded communication signals has a signal magnitude that is less than the corresponding input signal magnitude threshold of the corresponding amplifier and that the performance requirements parameters of the communication system are satisfied.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the performance requirements parameters correspond with error vector magnitude specifications of each of the plurality of communication signals.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the error vector magnitude specifications specify a maximum short-term average ratio of total noise to signal power in any subchannel of the plurality of communication signals as measured at the output of the corresponding demodulator at a receiver.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the error vector magnitude specifications are based on the combination of modulation order and error-correction coding rate of the plurality of communication signals input into the precoder.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the excursion compensating the precoded communication signal comprises:
splitting each of the plurality of precoded communication signals into a first precoded communication signal and a second precoded communication signal;
extracting a portion of the second precoded communication signal whose magnitude exceeds a corresponding input signal magnitude threshold of a corresponding amplifier to generate the excursion portion;
scaling in a frequency domain a plurality of subchannels of the excursion portion to generate the scaled excursion portion based on the performance requirements parameters of the plurality of communication signals and the parameters of the precoding the plurality of communication signals;
delaying the first precoded communication signal to be synchronized with the scaled excursion portion; and
subtracting in the time domain the scaled excursion portion from the delayed first precoded communication signal to generate the excursion compensated precoded communication signal.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, comprising scaling in the time domain the excursion portion to compensate for signal power that will be lost in the scaling in the frequency domain of the plurality of subchannels in the excursion signal.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein the scaling in the time domain of the excursion portion is based on feedback from a frequency domain scaling unit that performs the scaling in the frequency domain of the plurality of subchannels of the excursion signals.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, comprising:
interpolating the second precoded communication signal prior to the extracting the excursion portion; and
decimating the second precoded communication signal after the extracting the excursion portion.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, comprising scaling in the time domain after the interpolating and prior to the scaling in the frequency domain, wherein the scaling in the time domain scales the excursion portion to compensate for signal power that will be lost in the scaling in the frequency domain the plurality of subchannels of the excursion portion.

### Claim 19 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, comprising:
mapping to the frequency domain the excursion portion prior to generating the scaled excursion portion; and
mapping to the time domain scaled excursion portion prior to subtracting the scaled excursion portion from the delayed first precoded communication signal.

### Claim 20 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the communication system is a multiple input multiple output communication system.

### Claim 21 (depends on 20)

The method of claim 20, wherein the multiple input multiple output communication system is a wireless communication system which comprises multiple transmitter antennas and multiple receiver antennas.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the multiple input multiple output wireless communication system is a long-term evolution (LTE) wireless communication system.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The method of claim 22, wherein the long-term evolution (LTE) wireless communication system has four transmitter antennas at a base station and two receiver antennas at a mobile terminal.

### Claim 24 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the method is implemented at a base station.

### Claim 25 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the method is implemented at a mobile terminal.

### Claim 26 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the wireless communication system is at least one of:
a Wi-Fi wireless communication system;
a WiMAX wireless communication system; or
a HSPA+ wireless communication system.

### Claim 27 (depends on 21)

The method of claim 21, wherein the wireless communication system is at least one of:
a frequency division multiple access communication system;
an orthogonal frequency division multiple access communication system; or
a single carrier frequency division multiple access communication system.

### Claim 28

(canceled)

### Claim 29

A method comprising:
receiving a plurality of communication signals;
precoding the plurality of communication signals into a plurality of precoded communication signals;
excursion compensating the plurality of precoded communication signals into a plurality of excursion compensated precoded communication signals, wherein the excursion compensating is based on performance requirements parameters of a communication system, and wherein the excursion compensating is based on parameters of the precoding the plurality of communication signals.

### Claim 30

(canceled)