# US 2018/0026537 A1 · Output voltage control in overcurrent conditions for switching converters > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2018/0026537 A1 - Document ID: US20180026537A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/218,794 - Filed: 2016-07-25 - Published: 2018-01-25 - Earliest claimed: 2016-07-25 - Assignees: STMicroelectronics S.r.l. - Applicants: Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. - Inventors: Jeanpierre VICQUERY; Emilio VOLPI - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180026537A1 ## CPC - H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load - H02M 1/08: Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters - H02M 1/32: Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection - H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter} - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract A method and apparatus for controlling a converter are provided. In the method and apparatus, a converter is operated in accordance with a duty cycle and based on a difference between a feedback signal representing an output voltage of the converter and a reference signal. An overcurrent condition is detected in the converter. In response to detecting the overcurrent condition, the duty cycle used to operate the converter is limited and the reference signal is made to track the feedback signal to mitigate an output voltage overshoot at an end of the overcurrent condition. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A device comprising: a voltage converter having an input and an output and being configured to receive, at the input, a control signal for operating the voltage converter in accordance with a duty cycle and provide, at the output, an output voltage; a voltage control stage having a first input coupled to the output of the voltage converter, a second input, a third input and an output coupled to the input of the voltage converter and configured to: receive, at the first input, a feedback voltage signal representative of the output voltage, receive, at the second input, a reference voltage signal, receive, at the third input, an overcurrent protection signal, generate the control signal based on a difference between the feedback voltage signal and the reference voltage signal, limit the duty cycle of the control signal in response to the overcurrent protection signal being asserted, and output the control signal at the output of the voltage control stage; and an overcurrent control stage having an input coupled to the output of the voltage converter and an output coupled to the third input of the voltage control stage and configured to detect an overcurrent condition in the voltage converter, assert the overcurrent protection signal in response detecting the overcurrent condition and output the overcurrent protection signal at the output of the overcurrent control stage; and a reference voltage control stage having an input coupled to the output of the overcurrent control stage and an output coupled to the second input of the voltage control stage and configured to receive the overcurrent protection signal, in response to the overcurrent protection signal being asserted, enable a reference voltage control phase that causes the reference voltage signal to track the feedback voltage signal and the control signal to be limited during the overcurrent condition, and output the reference voltage signal at the output of the reference voltage control stage. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1, wherein the overcurrent control stage is configured to detect the overcurrent condition when an output current of the voltage converter exceeds a threshold for the output current. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1, wherein the reference voltage control stage is configured to cause the reference voltage signal to track the feedback voltage signal by selecting, from a plurality of reference voltage levels, a reference voltage level that is closest to a voltage level of the feedback voltage signal and setting a voltage level of the reference voltage signal to the reference voltage level of the plurality of reference voltage levels. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1, wherein the reference voltage control stage is configured to: determine that a voltage level of the reference voltage signal that tracks the feedback voltage signal has returned to its voltage level prior to enablement of the reference voltage control phase; and disable the reference voltage control phase in response to determining that the voltage level of the reference voltage signal that tracks the feedback voltage signal has returned to its voltage level prior to the enablement of the reference voltage control phase. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The device of claim 4, wherein the reference voltage control stage is configured to set the voltage level of the reference voltage signal to a static reference voltage level when the reference voltage control phase is disabled. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1, wherein the reference voltage control stage includes: a comparator having an inverting input for receiving the reference voltage signal, a non-inverting input for receiving the feedback voltage signal and an output for providing a comparison signal; control logic having an input coupled to the output of the comparator and an output for providing a counter signal, the control logic being configured to determine a logical value for the counter signal based on whether the comparison signal is asserted or not asserted; a digital-to-analog converter having a control input coupled to the output of the control logic, a plurality of reference voltage inputs for receiving a plurality of reference voltage levels, respectively, and an output, the digital-to-analog converter being configured to select a reference voltage level of the plurality of reference voltage levels based on the counter signal and provide, at the output of the digital-to-analog converter, the selected reference voltage level; and voltage setting circuitry coupled to the output of the digital-to-analog converter and configured to set a voltage level of the reference voltage signal to the selected reference voltage level when the reference voltage control phase is enabled. ### Claim 7 A device comprising: a voltage control stage configured to receive a reference voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal representative of an output voltage of a converter and output, based on a difference between the feedback voltage signal and the reference voltage signal, a control signal for operating the converter in accordance with a duty cycle, the voltage control stage being configured to receive an overcurrent protection signal and limit the duty cycle when the overcurrent protection signal is asserted; an overcurrent control stage configured to detect an overcurrent condition in the converter, and assert the overcurrent protection signal in response to detecting the overcurrent condition; and a reference voltage control stage configured to enable a reference voltage control phase in response to the overcurrent protection signal being asserted and cause the reference voltage signal to track the feedback voltage signal when the reference voltage control phase is enabled. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The device of claim 7, wherein the overcurrent control stage is configured to detect the overcurrent condition in response to an output current of the converter exceeding a threshold for the output current. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The device of claim 7, wherein the reference voltage control stage is configured to cause the reference voltage signal to track the feedback voltage signal by selecting, from a plurality of reference voltage levels, a reference voltage level that is closest to a voltage level of the feedback voltage signal and setting the voltage level of the reference voltage signal to the reference voltage level of the plurality of reference voltage levels. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The device of claim 7, wherein the reference voltage control stage is configured to: determine that a voltage level of the reference voltage signal that tracks the feedback voltage signal has returned to its voltage level prior to enablement of the reference voltage control phase; and disable the reference voltage control phase in response to determining that the voltage level of the reference voltage signal that tracks the feedback voltage signal has returned to its voltage level prior to the enablement of the reference voltage control phase. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The device of claim 10, wherein the reference voltage control stage is configured to set the voltage level of the reference voltage signal to a static reference voltage level when the reference voltage control phase is disabled. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The device of claim 7, wherein the reference voltage control stage includes: a comparator having an inverting input for receiving the reference voltage signal, a non-inverting input for receiving the feedback voltage signal and an output for providing a comparison signal; control logic having an input coupled to the output of the comparator and an output for providing a counter signal, the control logic being configured to determine a logical value for the counter signal based on whether the comparison signal is asserted or not asserted; a digital-to-analog converter having a control input coupled to the output of the control logic, a plurality of reference voltage inputs for receiving a plurality of reference voltage levels, respectively, and an output, the digital-to-analog converter being configured to select a reference voltage level of the plurality of reference voltage levels based on the counter signal and provide, at the output of the digital-to-analog converter, the selected reference voltage level; and voltage setting circuitry coupled to the output of the digital-to-analog converter and configured to set a voltage level of the reference voltage signal to the selected reference voltage level in response to the reference voltage control phase being enabled. ### Claim 13 A method comprising: operating a converter in accordance with a duty cycle and based on a difference between a feedback signal representing an output voltage of the converter and a reference signal; detecting an overcurrent condition in the converter; in response to detecting the overcurrent condition: limiting the duty cycle used to operate the converter; and causing the reference signal to track the feedback signal to mitigate an output voltage overshoot at an end of the overcurrent condition; determining that a voltage level of the reference signal that tracks the feedback signal has returned to its voltage level prior to detecting the overcurrent condition in the converter; and ceasing tracking the reference signal to the feedback signal in response to determining that the voltage level of the reference signal that tracks the feedback signal has returned to its voltage level prior to detecting the overcurrent condition. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein causing the reference signal to track the feedback signal causes a control signal generated based on the difference during the overcurrent condition to be limited. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein detecting the overcurrent condition in the converter includes detecting that an output current of the converter exceeds a threshold for the output current. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein causing the reference signal to track the feedback signal includes: selecting, from a plurality of reference voltage levels, a reference voltage level that is closest to a voltage level of the feedback signal; and setting the voltage level of the reference signal to the reference voltage level of the plurality of reference voltage levels. ### Claim 17 (canceled) ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein ceasing tracking the reference signal to the feedback signal includes setting the voltage level of the reference signal to a static reference voltage level. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising: prior to detecting the overcurrent condition, setting the voltage level of the reference signal to the static reference voltage level.