# US 2018/0024176 A1 · Inhomogeneous transmission line for determining the permittivity of a device under test in a position-resolved manner

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- Number: US 2018/0024176 A1
- Document ID: US20180024176A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/547,353
- Filed: 2016-01-29
- Published: 2018-01-25
- Earliest claimed: 2015-02-02
- Assignees: IHP GmbH-Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics/Leibniz-Institut fur innovative
- Applicants: Ihp GmbH - Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut FüR Innovative
- Inventors: Chafik MELIANI; Subhajit GUHA; Ibne Jamal Farabi
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180024176A1

## CPC

- G01R 27/32: in circuits having distributed constants {, e.g. having very long conductors or involving high frequencies}
- G01N 15/1031: by measuring electrical or magnetic effects
- G01N 22/00: Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more (G01N3/00 - G01N17/00, G01N24/00 take precedence)
- G01N 33/48728: {Investigating individual cells, e.g. by patch clamp, voltage clamp (investigating individual particles in general G01N15/10)}
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)

## Abstract

A measuring carrier for position-resolved meteorological determination of a measurement variable dependent on the dielectric permittivity of a device under test. The measuring carrier has a supporting means comprising a measuring surface, to which the device under test can be applied, and a measuring transmission line which entirely or partially forms the measuring surface and comprises a multiplicity of transmission line cells for the purpose of transmitting a radio-frequency measurement signal which can be injected at the input port. The measuring surface is structured in a cellular manner, wherein each of the transmission line cells has a cell-individual propagation constant with respect to the radio-frequency measurement signal in a state free of a device under test. This constant differs from the respective cell-individual constants of the other transmission line cells.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A measuring carrier for spatially resolved meteorological determination of a measurement variable dependent on the dielectric permittivity of a device under test to be applied to the measuring carrier, comprising:
a supporting means comprising a measuring surface, to which the device under test can be applied,
a measuring transmission line which entirely or partially forms the measuring surface and is designed as an electrical series circuit comprising a multiplicity of transmission line cells for the purpose of transmitting an electromagnetic radio-frequency measurement signal which can be injected, the measuring surface therefore being structured in a cellular manner, wherein
each of the transmission line cells of the measuring transmission line per se has a cell-individual propagation constant with respect to the radio-frequency measurement signal in a state free of a device under test, which propagation constant differs from the respective cell-individual propagation constants of the other transmission line cells, and
is designed to assume a cell-individual propagation constant which differs from the state free of a device under test in a measuring state when the device under test is applied to the transmission line cell, in such a way that
a change in the respective cell-individual propagation constant of each of the transmission line cells in the measuring state in comparison to the state free of the device to be tested causes a respective identifiable change component of a total change in a measurement variable which can be detected on the basis of the radio-frequency measurement signal and which is dependent on the dielectric permittivity of the measuring transmission signal as a whole.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The measuring carrier according to claim 1, in which the transmission line cells each form an LC gate, and wherein the cell-individual propagation constant is realized by a cell-individually predetermined capacitance of the respective LC gate.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The measuring carrier according to claim 2, in which a first transmission line cell has a first predetermined capacitance and other predetermined capacitances of the other transmission line cells are predetermined as a product of a cell-individual power of a specified factor and the first predetermined capacitance.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The measuring carrier according to claim 1, in which the transmission line cells each form an LC gate, and in which the cell-individual propagation constant is realized by a cell-individually predetermined inductance of the respective LC gate.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The measuring carrier according to claim 4, in which a first transmission line cell has a first predetermined inductance and other predetermined inductances of the other transmission line cells are predetermined as a product of a cell-individual power of a specified factor and the first predetermined inductance.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The measuring carrier according to claim 1, in which at least one transmission line cell forms a left-handed portion of the measuring transmission line.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The measuring carrier according to claim 6, in which the measuring transmission line as a whole, as a series circuit comprising left-handed and right-handed portions in the form of the respective transmission line cells, has a propagation constant of zero for the radio-frequency measurement signal in a state free of a device under test.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The measuring carrier according to claim 1, in which the measuring surface is additionally formed by a second measuring transmission line electrically connected in parallel to the measuring transmission line, and in which each transmission line cell of the first measuring transmission line is coupled with an associated transmission line cell of the second measuring transmission line by a respective active electronic component.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The measuring carrier according to claim 1, in which the measuring transmission line has a protective layer which is designed to protect the material of the measuring transmission line from a mechanical or chemical interaction with the device under test to be applied.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

A measuring apparatus for position-resolved determination of the dielectric permittivity of a device under test, comprising:
a controller designed to supply a predetermined radio-frequency measurement signal;
an output interface for supplying the radio-frequency measurement signal to a measuring carrier according to claim 1 and an input interface for receiving from the measuring carrier the radio-frequency measurement signal transmitted through the measuring transmission line of the measuring carrier; and
an evaluation unit which is designed to detect a measurement variable which is dependent on the propagation constant of the measuring transmission line, on the basis of the radio-frequency signal received in the measuring state from the input interface when the device under test is applied, to compare the detected measurement variable with a measurement variable sample determined in the measuring transmission line in the state free of the device under test and to determine change components of the propagation constant on the basis of the result of comparison and pre-stored cell-individual parameters, and to calculate cell-individual permittivity values of the device under test using said change components.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The measuring apparatus according to claim 10, in which the pre-stored cell-individual parameters are suitable for computing a cell-individual propagation constant of the respective transmission line cell in the state free of a device under test.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The measuring apparatus according to claim 10, in which the controller is configured to supply the radio-frequency measurement signal as a sequence of several signals having several different frequencies.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The measuring apparatus according to claim 10, which is monolithically integrated with the measuring carrier.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

A method for position-resolved determination of the permittivity of a device under test, comprising:
providing a measuring carrier according to claim 1;
applying the device under test to the supporting means of the measuring carrier;
supplying an electromagnetic radio-frequency measurement signal to the measuring transmission line of the measuring carrier;
detecting the radio-frequency measurement signal which is transmitted through the measuring transmission line;
determining a measurement variable dependent on the propagation constants of the measuring transmission line on the basis of the detected radio-frequency measurement signal;
comparing the determined measurement variable with a measurement variable sample determined in the measuring transmission line in the state free of a device under test;
determining change components of the propagation constants cell-individually on the basis of the result of comparison and on the basis of pre-stored cell-individual parameters; and
determining cell-individual permittivity values of the device under test on the basis of the calculated cell-individual change components.

### Claim 15 (depends on 8)

The measuring carrier according to claim 8, wherein the respective active electronic component is a transistor.