# US 2018/0021746 A1 · Use of a reactor, methods, and device for quantitatively obtaining molecular hydrogen from substances > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2018/0021746 A1 - Document ID: US20180021746A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/550,724 - Filed: 2016-02-10 - Published: 2018-01-25 - Earliest claimed: 2015-02-13 - Assignees: Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH - Applicants: Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH - Inventors: Matthias GEHRE; Julian RENPENNING; Steffen KUEMMEL - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180021746A1 ## CPC - B01J 6/008: {Pyrolysis reactions (of hydrocarbons C10G9/00)} - B01D 53/025: {with wetted adsorbents; Chromatography (analytical chromatography G01N30/00 - G01N30/96; for liquids B01D15/08)} - B01J 19/0093: {Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors (laboratory containers with capillary fluid transport in microfabricated channels or chambers B01L3/5027)} - B01J 19/02: Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties - B01J 23/26: Chromium - C01B 3/22: by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds - C10B 1/04: Vertical retorts - C10B 49/02: with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge - C10B 57/16: Features of high-temperature carbonising processes - B01J 2219/00792: One or more tube-shaped elements - B01J 2219/00822: Metal - B01J 2219/00837: comprising coatings other than catalytically active coatings - B01J 2219/00873: Heat exchange - B01J 2219/00916: by chromatography - B01J 2219/0236: Metal based - B01J 2219/0277: Metal based - B01J 2219/029: Non-ferrous metals - B01J 2235/00: Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties - C01B 2203/0277: containing a catalytic decomposition step - C01B 2203/1041: Composition of the catalyst - C01B 2203/1211: Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas - G01N 2030/025: {Gas chromatography} - H01J 49/26: Mass spectrometers or separator tubes - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28) - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - C10B: DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS (cracking oils C10G; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - H01J: ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS (spark-gaps H01T; electric arc lamps H05B31/00; particle accelerators H05H) ## Abstract The invention relates to the use of a reactor, methods, and devices for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which contain hydrogen and which have heteroatoms, as well as to reactors. In this case, the reactors have material containing chromium. The subject matter of the invention also includes the use of the reactor, the method, and the device for the compound-specific or component-specific measurement of the isotope ratio (δ2H) of hydrogen using online apparatuses. ## Claims ### Claim 1 (depends on 38) The method according to claim 38 wherein the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is generated in the reactor to pyrolize the substances. ### Claim 2 (canceled) ### Claim 3 (canceled) ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis of the substances is carried out using a carrier gas. ### Claim 5 (canceled) ### Claim 6 (canceled) ### Claim 7 (depends on 38) The method according to claim 38, characterized in that at least one section of a reactor inner wall is made of, at least on its inner side, material containing chromium, and/or at least one section of a reactor inner wall has a coating containing chromium, and/or a material containing chromium is embedded in at least one section of a reactor inner wall, at least on its inner side. ### Claim 8 (canceled) ### Claim 9 (canceled) ### Claim 10 (depends on 38) The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium is made of chromium and other heat-stable materials which do not contain any hydrogen and/or do not react with molecular hydrogen above 1100° C. ### Claim 11 (canceled) ### Claim 12 (canceled) ### Claim 13 (canceled) ### Claim 14 (depends on 4) The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 10 mL/min. ### Claim 15 (depends on 4) The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 300 mL/min. ### Claim 16 (depends on 4) The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 1000 mL/min. ### Claim 17 (canceled) ### Claim 18 (canceled) ### Claim 19 (canceled) ### Claim 20 (canceled) ### Claim 21 (canceled) ### Claim 22 (depends on 41) The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium extends over 40% to 60% of the length of the zone with temperatures above 1100° C., in the longitudinal direction of the reactor tube. ### Claim 23 (depends on 41) The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the reactor tube is oriented vertically, and the reactor tube's material containing chromium is present as a layer constructed horizontally. ### Claim 24 (canceled) ### Claim 25 (canceled) ### Claim 26 (canceled) ### Claim 27 (canceled) ### Claim 28 (canceled) ### Claim 29 (canceled) ### Claim 30 (canceled) ### Claim 31 (depends on 38) The method according to claim 38, characterized in that silver wool is arranged in a first region of the reactor, as a halogen trap, where there is a temperature zone between 500° C. and 800° C. during pyrolysis due to the temperature zone generated above 1100° C. ### Claim 32 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor is positioned in an apparatus for high-temperature conversion (in HTC systems). ### Claim 33 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor is positioned in an apparatus for elemental analysis. ### Claim 34 (depends on 38) The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the solid, liquid, or gaseous substances from which the molecular hydrogen will be recovered are separated into their components by means of gas chromatography prior to entry into the reactor. ### Claim 35 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reactor is made at least partially of heat-resistant materials suitable for pyrolysis of inserted substances at temperatures ≧1100° C., which do not allow the passage of molecular hydrogen from the inside or of air from the outside. ### Claim 36 (canceled) ### Claim 37 (canceled) ### Claim 38 A method for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which have heteroatoms, using a pyrolysis reactor with material containing chromium, characterized in that a zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is generated in the pyrolysis reactor, in which a reactive chromium layer of the material containing chromium of the pyrolysis reactor is at least partially arranged. ### Claim 39 (depends on 38) The method according to claim 38, characterized in that the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is only generated in a subvolume of the pyrolysis reactor which makes up at most 50% of the reactor volume. ### Claim 40 (canceled) ### Claim 41 (depends on 39) The method according to claim 39, characterized in that the reactor has at least one reactor tube with material containing chromium, in that the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is generated over at least 90% of the length of the reactor tube in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the reactor tube, and in that the reactor tube's material containing chromium is arranged in the reactor tube at least over the length of the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. ### Claim 42 A pyrolysis reactor for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which have heteroatoms, having pure chromium as the material, the same consisting of chromium powder or chromium granulate with a diameter of 0.05 mm to 5.0 mm. ### Claim 43 (depends on 42) The pyrolysis reactor according to claim 42 wherein the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a carrier gas flow of up to 10 mL/min. ### Claim 44 (depends on 42) The pyrolysis reactor according to claim 42 wherein the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a carrier gas flow of up to 300 mL/min. ### Claim 45 (depends on 42) The pyrolysis reactor according to claim 42 wherein the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a carrier gas flow of up to 1000 mL/min. ### Claim 46 A pyrolysis reactor for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which have heteroatoms, having material containing chromium, the same made of chromium and other heat-stable materials which do not contain any hydrogen and/or do not react with molecular hydrogen at temperatures above 1100° C. ### Claim 47 (canceled) ### Claim 48 (depends on 46) The pyrolysis reactor according to claim 46, characterized in that the reactor is made at least partially of heat-resistant materials suitable for pyrolysis of inserted substances at temperatures ≧1100° C., which do not allow the passage of molecular hydrogen from the inside or of air from the outside. ### Claim 49 (canceled) ### Claim 50 A device for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which have heteroatoms, by pyrolysis, including a reactor with material containing chromium, and an oven in the interior of which it is possible to generate temperatures above 1100° C., characterized in that the reactor with the material containing chromium is arranged in the interior of the oven in such a manner that a zone with temperatures above 1100° C. can be generated in the reactor to pyrolyze the substances, in which is positioned, at least partially, a chromium layer of the reactor's material containing chromium, said chromium layer being accessible to the substances for the pyrolysis process. ### Claim 51 (canceled) ### Claim 52 (canceled) ### Claim 53 (canceled) ### Claim 54 (canceled) ### Claim 55 (canceled) ### Claim 56 (canceled) ### Claim 57 (canceled) ### Claim 58 (depends on 50) A mass spectrometer having a device for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which have heteroatoms, by pyrolysis, according to claim 50. ### Claim 59 (canceled)