# US 2018/0020975 A1 · Electrode for a user wearable apparatus > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2018/0020975 A1 - Document ID: US20180020975A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/565,517 - Filed: 2016-04-13 - Published: 2018-01-25 - Earliest claimed: 2015-04-17 - Assignees: Nokia Technologies Oy - Applicants: Nokia Technologies Oy - Inventors: Helena POHJONEN; Pekka KORPINEN; Jarkko ROUVINEN; Kim BLOMQVIST - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20180020975A1 ## CPC - A61B 5/681: {Wristwatch-type devices} - A61B 5/0059: {using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence (photoacoustic A61B5/0093; optical measurement of heart rate A61B5/02416; optical measurement of blood flow A61B5/0261; optical measurement of analytes A61B5/1455)} - A61B 5/02416: {using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation (A61B5/14552 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/02427: {Details of sensor} - A61B 5/0295: using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography - A61B 5/0531: Measuring skin impedance - A61B 5/0533: Measuring galvanic skin response - A61B 5/282: Holders for multiple electrodes (for introduction into the body A61B5/287) - A61B 5/6831: {Straps, bands or harnesses} - A61B 5/0095: {by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements} - A61B 5/1455: using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters - A61B 5/6824: {Arm or wrist} - A61B 2562/0233: Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00 - A61B 2562/06: Arrangements of multiple sensors of different types - A61B 2562/228: Sensors with optical connectors - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract An electrode for a user wearable apparatus; the electrode comprising: a conductive part comprising conductive material, wherein the conductive part is configured to provide electrical connection to electronic components of the user wearable device, and an opening configured to provide an optical connection to electronic components of the user wearable apparatus through the electrode. ## Claims ### Claim at position 1 1-15. (canceled) ### Claim 16 An electrode for a user wearable apparatus; the electrode comprising: a conductive part comprising conductive material, wherein the conductive part is configured to provide electrical connection to electronic components of the user wearable device, and an opening configured to provide an optical connection to electronic components of the user wearable apparatus through the electrode. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the conductive part of the electrode is configured to provide galvanic connection between a physiological condition sensor of the user wearable apparatus and a body of a user wearing the user wearable apparatus. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the conductive part of the electrode is configured to provide electrical connection for charging the user wearable apparatus or for data transmission from/to the user wearable apparatus. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the electrode comprises a light-passing element configured to provide the optical connection through the opening in the electrode. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the light-passing element comprises at least one of a light guide and a light fiber. ### Claim 21 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the light-passing element comprises a lens. ### Claim 22 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the light-passing element comprises at least two optically separated light-passing elements. ### Claim 23 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein one of the optically separated light-passing elements is operatively connected to a light source of an optical sensor of the user wearable apparatus and another one of the optically separated light-passing elements is operatively connected to a light detector of the optical sensor of the user wearable apparatus ### Claim 24 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the opening comprises a plurality of holes. ### Claim 25 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the electrode is of at least two electrodes in an electrode system, and wherein the two electrodes are configured to act as electrodes of a physiological condition sensor of the user wearable apparatus. ### Claim 26 (depends on 16) The electrode according to claim 16, wherein the electrode is of at least two electrodes in an electrode system, and wherein the at least two electrodes comprise a first and a second electrode and wherein the first electrode is configured to provide an optical connection to a light source of an optical sensor of the user wearable apparatus and the second electrode is configured to provide an optical connection to a light detector of the optical sensor of the user wearable apparatus. ### Claim 27 (depends on 16) A user wearable apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the user wearable apparatus comprises an electrode or an electrode system of claim 16. ### Claim 28 A method comprising: providing an electrode for a user wearable apparatus, providing in the electrode a conductive part comprising conductive material, wherein the conductive part is configured to provide electrical connection to electronic components of the user wearable device, and providing in the electrode an opening configured to provide an optical connection to electronic components of the user wearable apparatus through the electrode. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) A method according to claim 28, further comprising providing inside the electrode a light-passing element configured to provide the optical connection through the opening in the electrode. ### Claim 30 (depends on 28) A method according to claim 28, wherein providing the light-passing element by casting optical material into the electrode.