Photovoltaic device containing a dye-sensitized solar cell

14:

• A photovoltaic device containing a dye sensitized solar cell, comprising:
• an anode comprising an electrically conductive transparent substrate,
• a cathode comprising an electrically conductive transparent substrate,
• an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode,
• a light absorbing layer comprising a semiconductor and a light absorbing compound,
• wherein the light-absorbing compound is chemisorbed on the semiconductor;
• and
• wherein the light absorbing compound has formula (I):
• wherein A1 is a divalent thiophene group of formula (I′)
• A2 is a divalent 5-membered heterocyclic group of at least one of formula (II′), (III′), (IV′), and (V′):
• A3 is an aromatic hydrocarbon chromophore of formula (VI′)
• wherein R1 is H, OH, C1-C6 alkyl, Cl, Br, F, or I, p is from 1-3, m is from 1-5, and n is from 0-5.

17:

• The photovoltaic device of claim 14, wherein the light absorbing compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of
• (E)-3-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(5-([1, 1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(5-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1, 3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(5-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(5-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (E)-3-(5-(4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• and
• (Z)-3-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (Z)-3-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (Z)-3-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (Z)-3-(4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (Z)-3-(5-(5-([1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (Z)-3-(5-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• (Z)-3-(5-(5-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid;
• and
• (Z)-3-(5-(4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid.