Systems and methods for model-based optimization of mechanical ventilation

A medical ventilator system comprising:

• a mechanical ventilator connected with a ventilated patient to provide ventilation to the ventilated patient in accordance with ventilator settings;
• physiological sensors configured to acquire measured values for the ventilated patient of monitored physiological variables;
• a cardiopulmonary modeling component comprising a microprocessor programmed to generate computed values for the ventilated patient of unmonitored physiological parameters based on the measured values for the ventilated patient of the monitored physiological variables and the ventilator settings,
• wherein the CP modeling component is programmed to generate the computed values for the ventilated patient of the unmonitored physiological parameters by operations including
• fitting a ventilated patient CP model to the ventilated patient by fitting predictions of the ventilated patient CP model for the monitored physiological variables to the measured values for the ventilated patient of the monitored physiological variables in order to generate a fitted ventilated patient CP model representing the ventilated patient;
• and
• generating the computed values for the ventilated patient of the unmonitored physiological parameters and variables as the predictions of the fitted ventilated patient CP model for the unmonitored physiological parameters;
• and
• a ventilator optimization component comprising a microprocessor programmed to output updated ventilator settings based on the measured values for the ventilated patient of the monitored physiological variables, the computed values for the ventilated patient of the unmonitored physiological parameters, and one or more physiological parameter constraints,
• wherein the ventilator optimization component is programmed to output updated ventilator settings by operations including
• (i) making a candidate ventilator settings adjustment to the fitted ventilated patient CP model and computing the value of a cost function for the fitted ventilated patient CP model with the candidate ventilator settings adjustment;
• (ii) repeating operation (i) for a plurality of different candidate ventilator settings adjustments;
• and
• (iii) outputting the updated ventilator settings as the candidate ventilator settings adjustment that minimizes the cost function.