# US 2017/0288457 A1 · Ridgeline cable drive electric energy storage system

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- Number: US 2017/0288457 A1
- Document ID: US20170288457A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/443,816
- Filed: 2017-02-27
- Published: 2017-10-05
- Earliest claimed: 2016-02-29
- Assignees: Advanced Rail Energy Storage, LLC
- Applicants: Advanced Rail Energy Storage, LLC
- Inventors: William R. Peitzke; Matthew B. Brown
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20170288457A1

## CPC

- H02J 15/00: Systems for storing electric energy specially adapted for power networks
- B61B 9/00: Tramway or funicular systems with rigid track and cable traction (haulage clips B61B12/12)
- B61C 17/06: Power storing devices
- B61D 3/16: adapted for carrying special loads
- B61D 45/001: {Devices for fixing to walls or floors}
- F03G 3/094: {specially adapted for potential energy power storage stations; combinations of gravity or weight motors with electric motors or generators}
- H02J 3/28: Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
- H02K 7/00: Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- B60L 8/00: Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
- B60L 9/28: polyphase motors
- Y02E 60/16: Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 30/00: Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- B61B: RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (lifts or hoists, elevators, escalators, moving walkways B66B)
- B61C: LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS (vehicles in general B60; frames or bogies B61F; special railroad equipment for locomotives B61J, B61K)
- B61D: BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES (vehicles in general B60; adaptation of vehicles to special systems B61B; underframes B61F)
- F03G: SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (arrangements in connection with power supply in vehicles from force of nature B60K16/00; electric propulsion with power supply in vehicles from force of nature B60L8/00)
- H02K: DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES (dynamo-electric relays H01H53/00; conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power {H03K3/53})
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A highly efficient, utility scale energy storage system employs large masses transported uphill to store energy and downhill to release energy. An electric powered cable winch or chain drive shuttles the masses between two storage yards of different elevations separated by a steep incline on rail vehicles supported by track and operated by an automated control system.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An energy storage system comprising:
a power controller responsive to a utility grid;
at least one module having
tracks running from a bottom storage yard to a top storage yard;
a winch set having a motor generator which simultaneously drives a first consist and a second consist in opposite directions on the tracks on grade;
said first and second consist each comprising at least one shuttle having a lifting mechanism to engage a mass stored in one of said bottom storage yard and said top storage yard,
the module operable under control of the power controller in a charging mode with the winch set receiving in a motor electrical power from a utility grid to drive a first cycle with the first consist loading a mass in the bottom storage yard and ascending to the upper storage yard and unloading the mass and said second consist descending from the upper storage yard to the lower storage yard empty followed by a reversal of the winch set to drive a second cycle with the first consist descending form the upper storage yard to the lower storage yard empty and the second consist loading a mass in the bottom storage yard and ascending to the upper storage yard and unloading the mass thereby storing excess electrical energy available on the utility grid, and,
the module operable under control of the power controller in a generating mode with the winch set motor reversed to generate electrical power to the utility grid in a third cycle with the first consist loading a mass in the upper storage yard and descending to the lower storage yard and unloading the mass and said second consist ascending from the lower storage yard to the upper storage yard empty followed by a reversal of the winch set to generate in a fourth cycle with the first consist ascending from the lower storage yard to the upper storage yard empty and the second consist loading a mass in the upper storage yard and descending to the lower storage yard and unloading the mass thereby providing electrical energy to the utility grid.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 1 wherein the at least one module comprises a plurality of modules.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 1 wherein the lifting mechanism comprises:
a frame pivotally mounted to the shuttle and having arms rotating in a first direction from an upright position during operation of the winch in the first cycle to clear the frame for transit of the shuttle beneath stored masses in a first storage yard, rotating in a second direction to engage the frame with a stationary mass and during motion of the shuttle continue rotation in the second direction to lift the mass, said arms locking in the upright position, said arms further rotating in the second direction upon unlocking to lower the mass in a second storage yard and to clear the frame for transit of the shuttle beneath stored masses in the second storage yard, after reversal of the winch to the second cycle and clearance of the frame from the stored masses said frame rotating in the first direction to erect the frame.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 1 wherein the lifting mechanism comprises:
a ramp with an apex oriented in a first direction on the shuttle;
a first roller system operatively carried on an upper surface of the ramp;
a first triangle element engaging the first roller system on a bottom surface with an apex oriented oppositely from the ramp apex;
a second roller system operatively carried on an upper surface of the triangle element, the first and second roller systems lockable;
a second triangle element having an apex oriented oppositely form the first triangle apex engaging the second roller system on a bottom surface and having a top engagement surface adapted to engage a bottom surface of a bight in the mass; wherein the first triangle element is locked at a maximum divergent position from the apex of the ramp in an initial position, the second triangle element is carried at a minimum divergent position from the apex of the first triangle element allowing the shuttle to transit underneath masses present in a first storage yard, and in a first cycle of the winch, upon reaching the centerpoint of an end mass, the top engagement surface engages the bottom surface the second triangle element which is drawn upward along the second roller system lifting the end mass, and upon reaching a maximum divergent position from the apex of the first triangle element, the second triangle element is locked on the second roller system, and upon approaching a first stored mass in the a second yard the first triangle element is unlocked on the first roller system, whereby upon contact with the first stored mass the first triangle element begins to descend on the first roller system lowering the mass, the first triangle element reaching the apex of the ramp element whereupon the shuttle is free to transit beneath stored masses in the second storage area, and upon reversal of direction by the winch to a second cycle, the shuttle exits the stored masses and the first triangle element is driven up the first roller element to the maximum divergent position from apex of ramp element, and, the second triangle element is unlocked and allowed to travel down the second roller system to the apex of second triangle element, thereby assuming the initial position.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 1 wherein the lifting mechanism comprises:
at least one rail mounted to a structural frame of said at least one shuttle at an angle complimentary to a track angle corresponding to the grade of the tracks providing a substantially horizontal running surface with the at least one shuttle mounted on one of the tracks;
wheels engaged to the rails and supporting the lifting platform allowing reciprocation of the lifting platform horizontally between a first position indicated by a first end stop sensor associated with the at least one rail, said lifting platform in a retracted state in the first position, and a second position indicated by an opposite end stop sensor, said lifting platform in an extended state in the second position;
a lockable drive, engaged to at least one wheel of a bogie on the shuttle;
a plurality of track markers at the upper and bottom storage yard positioned to mark positions of stored masses;
a track marker sensor associated with the lifting platform to detect alignment of the lifting platform with a mass associated with a track marker, said track marker sensor interconnected to the lockable drive and operable to engage the drive upon alignment of the track marker sensor with one of the plurality of track markers, said lockable drive translating the lifting platform between the first position and the second position, an upper surface of said lifting platform translating relative to the shuttle perpendicular to the track angle and engaging a lower surface of a bight portion of the mass, whereby the mass is lifted directly vertically with motion of the lifting platform on the rails coordinated to match the horizontal component of a motion vector of the shuttle as the shuttle proceeds up the hill.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 5 wherein the lockable drive comprises a clutched pulley

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 1 wherein the winch set incorporates two drums which rotate to draw their respective cables in opposite directions to oppositely raise or lower shuttles/consists on the track pairs in the module;
the motor/generator having
a fixed gear head and a rotatable gear head engaged to the motor with a rotating gear head mount, both gear heads rotating in the same direction; and,
a differential motor engaged to the rotatable gear head to adjust a cable length on the drums.

### Claim 8 (depends on 2)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 2 wherein a motor in each winch sets is switchably attached between a motor drive and the utility grid to be driven with across the line direct to grid synchronization between the modules whereby as a consist is accelerated to speed by the motor drive and after being loaded, the frequency of the winch motor is matched to that of the electric grid and the winch motor is then switched from being driven by the motor drive to being driven directly from the electric grid at a fixed speed and the motor drive is switched to the motor of the winch set in the next module.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 1 wherein at least one module includes a variable frequency drive (VFD) and during either charging or generation, operation by the VFD to increase or decrease consist speed on the currently controlled module employed to regulate up (Reg-UP) or regulate down (Reg-Down).

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 8 wherein regulation when the system is not operating in charging or generation is accomplished by controlling a stopping position of consists in the module from either charging or generating to configure a loaded consist near mid-elevation on the grade to provide either instant Reg-Up or Reg-Down without the time delay required by mass loading.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The energy storage system as defined in claim 10 wherein the at least one module comprises a plurality of modules and wherein consist position is alternated on grade to allow every other module to provide either instant Reg-Up or Reg-Down without the time delay required by mass loading.

### Claim 12

A self-positioning system for mass pickup and deposit in an energy storage system comprising:
a first track and a second track running from a bottom storage yard to a top storage yard;
a winch set having a motor generator which simultaneously drives a first consist on the first track and a second consist in opposite directions on the second track on grade, said winch set incorporating
two drums which rotate to draw their respective cables in opposite directions to oppositely raise or lower shuttles/consists on the track pairs in the module;
the motor/generator having
a fixed gear head and a rotatable gear head engaged to the motor with a rotating gear head mount, both gear heads rotating in the same direction; and,
a differential motor engaged to the rotatable gear head to adjust a cable length on the drums;
said first and second consist each comprising at least one shuttle having a lifting mechanism to engage a mass stored in one of said bottom storage yard and said top storage yard,
the winch set operable under control of the power controller in a charging mode with the winch set receiving in the motor/generator electrical power from a utility grid to drive a first cycle with the first consist loading a mass in the bottom storage yard and ascending to the upper storage yard and unloading the mass and said second consist descending from the upper storage yard to the lower storage yard empty followed by a reversal of the winch set to drive a second cycle with the first consist descending form the upper storage yard to the lower storage yard empty and the second consist loading a mass in the bottom storage yard and ascending to the upper storage yard and unloading the mass thereby storing excess electrical energy available on the utility grid, the differential motor engaged to play out cable at each consist transit during charging and,
the winch set operable under control of the power controller in a generating mode with the winch set motor/generator reversed to generate electrical power to the utility grid in a third cycle with the first consist loading a mass in the upper storage yard and descending to the lower storage yard and unloading the mass and said second consist ascending from the lower storage yard to the upper storage yard empty followed by a reversal of the winch set to generate in a fourth cycle with the first consist ascending from the lower storage yard to the upper storage yard empty and the second consist loading a mass in the upper storage yard and descending to the lower storage yard and unloading the mass thereby providing electrical energy to the utility grid, the differential motor engaged take in cable at each consist transit during generation.

### Claim 13

A method for storing electrical energy comprising:
controlling a module with a power controller in a charging mode;
receiving in a motor of a winch set electrical power from a utility grid, said winch set simultaneously driving a first consist and a second consist in opposite directions on tracks on grade;
driving the winch set in a first cycle including
loading the first consist with a first of a plurality of masses in a bottom storage yard,
causing the first consist to ascend to an upper storage yard,
unloading the first of the plurality of masses, and
simultaneously causing the second consist to descend from the upper storage yard to the lower storage yard;
reversing the winch set to drive a second cycle including
causing the first consist to descend from the upper storage yard to the lower storage yard empty and
simultaneously loading the second consist with second one of the plurality of masses in the bottom storage yard and
causing the second consist to ascend to the upper storage yard and,
unloading said second one of the plurality of masses thereby storing excess electrical energy available on the utility grid;
controlling the power controller in a generating mode with the winch set motor reversed to generate electrical power;
transferring generated electrical power from the winch set motor to the utility grid in a third cycle including
loading the first consist with the second of the plurality of masses in the upper storage yard;
causing the first consist to descend to the lower storage yard,
unloading the second of the plurality of masses and
simultaneously causing said second consist to ascend from the lower storage yard to the upper storage yard empty;
reversing the winch set to generate in a fourth cycle including
causing the first consist to ascend from the lower storage yard to the upper storage yard empty and
loading the second consist with the first of the plurality of masses in the upper storage yard and descending to the lower storage yard and
unloading the first of the plurality of masses thereby providing electrical energy to the utility grid.