# US 2017/0285142 A1 · Deterrent for unmanned aerial systems

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- Number: US 2017/0285142 A1
- Document ID: US20170285142A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/627,229
- Filed: 2017-06-19
- Published: 2017-10-05
- Earliest claimed: 2014-12-19
- Assignees: XiDrone Systems, Inc.
- Applicants: XiDrone Systems, Inc.
- Inventors: Dwaine A. PARKER; Damon E. STERN; Lawrence S. PIERCE
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20170285142A1

## CPC

- G01S 7/38: Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes
- F41H 11/02: Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile {or anti-torpedo} defence installations or systems (cartridges or missiles for producing smoke or for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material F42B5/15, F42B12/48, F42B12/70; {informative reference: details of radar or sonar systems G01S7/00; jamming or electronic countermeasures G01S7/38, G01S7/495, H04K3/00})
- F41H 13/0075: {the high-energy beam being a radiofrequency beam}
- G01S 3/782: Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S 7/414: {Discriminating targets with respect to background clutter}
- G01S 13/42: Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates (indirect measurement G01S13/46)
- G01S 13/66: Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems
- G01S 13/86: Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
- G01S 13/88: Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications (electromagnetic prospecting or detecting of objects, e.g. near-field detection, G01V3/00)
- G08G 5/22: located on the ground
- G08G 5/55: for a single aircraft
- G08G 5/727: {from a ground station}
- H04K 3/45: {characterized by including monitoring of the target or target signal, e.g. in reactive jammers or follower jammers for example by means of an alternation of jamming phases and monitoring phases, called "look-through mode"}
- H04K 3/65: {using deceptive jamming or spoofing, e.g. transmission of false signals for premature triggering of RCIED, for forced connection or disconnection to/from a network or for generation of dummy target signal}
- H04K 3/92: {related to allowing or preventing remote control}
- G01S 7/021: {Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals}
- G01S 13/883: {for missile homing, autodirectors (missile guidance systems F41G7/22)}
- G01S 13/91: for traffic control (G01S13/93 takes precedence)
- G01S 13/933: of aircraft or spacecraft
- G08G 5/57: for unmanned aircraft
- G08G 5/59: in accordance with predefined flight zones, e.g. to avoid prohibited zones
- H04K 3/42: {characterized by the control of the jamming frequency or wavelength}
- H04K 3/44: {characterized by the control of the jamming waveform or modulation type}
- H04K 2203/14: for the transfer of light or images, e.g. for video-surveillance, for television or from a computer screen
- H04K 2203/22: for communication related to vehicles
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- F41H: ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- G08G: TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS (guiding railway traffic, ensuring the safety of railway traffic B61L; arrangement of road signs or traffic signals E01F9/00; radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for traffic control G01S13/91, G01S15/88, G01S17/88; {radar or analogous systems, sonar systems, lidar systems specially adapted for anti-collision purposes G01S13/93, G01S15/93, G01S17/93})
- H04K: SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION

## Abstract

A system (100) for providing an integrated multi-sensor detection and countermeasure against commercial unmanned aerial systems/vehicles (44) and includes a detecting element (103, 104, 105), a tracking element (103,104, 105) an identification element (103, 104, 105) and an interdiction element (102). The detecting element detects an unmanned aerial vehicle in flight in the region of, or approaching, a property, place, event or very important person. The tracking element determines the exact location of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The identification/classification element utilizing data from the other elements generates the identification and threat assessment of the UAS. The interdiction element, based on automated algorithms can either direct the unmanned aerial vehicle away from the property, place, event or very important person in a non-destructive manner, or can disable the unmanned aerial vehicle in a destructive manner. The interdiction process may be over ridden by intervention by a System Operator/HiL.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A multi-sensor system for providing integrated detection, tracking, and identify/classification against commercial unmanned aerial vehicles comprising:
a direction finding high fidelity RF receiver coupled with a receiving omnidirectional antenna and a receiving directional antenna for detecting an RF signature of a flying unmanned aerial vehicle;
a spectral signal identifier processor for analyzing the RF signature and identifying spectral signatures of the unmanned aerial vehicle and eliminating electromagnetic clutter present;
a modified radar system originally intended for detection of terrestrial (Surface) targets, provided with a radar clutter and target filter processor for providing input to an azimuth and elevation vector coordinate data processor for determining the location of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
a signal generator that produces at least one tailored signal based on the spectral signatures of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
a variable strength amplifier that generates an output power;
an antenna alignment assembly for adjusting the alignment of a transmitting directional and focused antenna based on the location of the unmanned aerial vehicle as determined by the azimuth and elevation vector coordinate data processor; and
the signal generator and amplifier coupled with the transmitting antenna to send at least one signal to the unmanned aerial vehicle to alter at least one of the speed, direction and altitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 further comprising: a Multiband LNA Assembly for amplifying received signals from the receiving omnidirectional and receiving directional antennae and transmitting signals to an Uplink Receive Host Workstation that sends information to the spectral signal identifier processor where the type of unmanned aerial vehicle is identified using a database of known spectral signal wave information for known unmanned aerial vehicles, and a Frequency and Wave Form Parameters unit coupled to a Modulation Look Up Table coupled to an ECM Modulation Type Select unit that is coupled to the signal generator that produces at least one tailored signal which is then transmitted in a highly focused and variable strength beam precisely aimed at the subject unmanned aerial system.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 further comprising a Receive Blanking unit that forces the receiving omnidirectional and a receiving directional antenna to stop receiving a radio frequency being transmitted by the transmitting directional and focused antennae.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein the azimuth and elevation vector coordinate data processor uses a spherical coordinate system for three-dimensional space wherein three numbers specify the position of a point measured in latitude, longitude and elevation obtained from the radar.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 further comprising a laser range finder and wherein the azimuth and elevation vector coordinate data processor uses a spherical coordinate system for three-dimensional space wherein three numbers specify the position of a point measured in latitude, longitude and elevation obtained from the laser range finder and associated computational algorithms.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 further comprising Electro-Optical and Infrared Sensors and associated computational algorithms and co-located with a Laser Range Finder to provide a comprehensive, multi-purpose targeting system that incorporates a fire-control capability and digital display to the system operator/HIL that shows the field of view of the suspect UAS target(s) along with vital pieces of data including range-to-target, target velocity, elevation, azimuth, wind velocity and direction, deterrent zone size, countermeasure type, temperature, barometric pressure and time of day.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein at least one tailored signal produced by the signal generator is an electronic counter measure either specifically calculated or selected using modulation lookup table to determine a broad range of RF signatures used by the flying unmanned aerial vehicle utilizing a database library of specific radio frequencies characteristics common to unmanned aerial vehicles

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein at least one tailored signal produced by the signal generator is an electronic counter measure either specifically calculated or selected using modulation lookup table to determine a broad range of RF signatures used by the flying unmanned aerial vehicle utilizing a database library of specific radio frequencies characteristics common to unmanned aerial vehicles, is augmented by the observed frequencies detected by the RF detection.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein at least one tailored signal produced by the signal generator is an electronic counter measure either specifically calculated or selected using modulation lookup table to determine a broad range of RF signatures used by the flying unmanned aerial vehicle utilizing a database library of specific radio frequencies characteristics common to unmanned aerial vehicles this tailored signal may vary from the received signal in that a harmonic of the received signal may prove more effective in deterring the suspect UAV than the actual received signal.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein at least one tailored signal produced by the signal generator is an electronic counter measure either specifically calculated or selected using modulation lookup table to determine a broad range of RF signatures used by the flying unmanned aerial vehicle utilizing a database library of specific radio frequencies characteristics common to unmanned aerial vehicles, use of the frequency harmonic will allow reduced transmit power and minimize unintended collateral effects.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein the transmitting directional and focused antenna is a component of a directional transmitting antenna array.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 wherein a capability to engage an airborne UAS/UAV in either a destructive (kinetic) or a non-destructive (non-kinetic) manner.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 further comprising a means to accept non-system generated suspect sUAS identification and location information received from outside sources and to detect and track traditional commercial sUAS/UAV containing or not containing electronic transponder identification technology and a means to detect and track non-traditional aerial systems (Manned or unmanned) with similar spectral signatures operating in similar low altitude environments.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1 further comprising of a secure control network (using existing infrastructure or dedicated high bandwidth point-to-point communications hardware) that allows non-collocated emplacement of system elements to provide control of the system from remote locations or add additional sensors from remote sources.

### Claim 15

A system comprising:
a ground radar transceiver;
at least one radio frequency receiving antenna;
at least one optical and/or infrared sensor; and
at least one sensor fusion processor coupled to the receiving antenna, the radar transceiver and the sensor, the sensor fusion processor fusing data from the receive antenna, the radar transceiver and the sensor to identify a multi-sensor threat assessment for a drone target.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The system of claim 15 further including an interdiction capability.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16 wherein the interdiction capability comprises an RF jamming directional antenna.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16 wherein the interdiction capability comprises a fire control unit.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The system of claim 15 wherein the radar transceiver comprises a commercial surface X band radar.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The system of claim 15 further including a laser range finder.