# US 2017/0282140 A1 · Method for covering particles, especially a battery electrode material particles, and particles obtained with such method and a battery comprising such particle > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2017/0282140 A1 - Document ID: US20170282140A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/622,970 - Filed: 2017-06-14 - Published: 2017-10-05 - Earliest claimed: 2007-12-12 - Assignees: PneumatiCoat Technologies LLC - Applicants: Pneumaticoat Technologies LLC - Inventors: Erik Maria KELDER; Jan Rudolf VAN OMMEN; John NIJENHUIS - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20170282140A1 ## CPC - H01M 4/0428: {Chemical vapour deposition} - B01J 2/16: by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain - C23C 16/4417: {Methods specially adapted for coating powder} - C23C 16/442: using fluidised bed process - C23C 16/45525: {Atomic layer deposition [ALD]} - H01M 4/131: Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx - H01M 4/1391: of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx - H01M 4/366: {as layered products} - H01M 4/485: of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence) - H01M 4/505: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy - H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries - H01M 2004/028: {Positive electrodes} - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y10T 428/2991: Coated - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract Described here is a powder comprising a plurality of lithium-containing particles having a dry, uniform protective layer, wherein the protective layer of the particles is obtained by a sequential vapor phase reaction or adsorption process. Also described is a battery comprising an anode layer and a cathode layer, wherein the cathode layer comprises lithium metal oxide or a lithium metal phosphate, wherein the metal comprises at least one of Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron, Titanium, and/or Manganese, wherein the cathode particles have a dry, uniform protective layer, and wherein the anode layer comprises lithium titanium oxide particles. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A powder comprising a plurality of lithium-containing particles having a dry, uniform protective layer, wherein the protective layer of the particles is obtained by a sequential vapor phase reaction or adsorption process. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, which further comprises at least one of Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron, Titanium, Magnesium or Phosphorous. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the particles comprise a lithium metal oxide or a lithium metal phosphate, wherein the metal comprises at least one of Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron, Titanium or Manganese. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the sequential vapor reaction or adsorption process is atomic layer deposition. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the lithium-containing particles have a lithium hydroxide surface, which forms a protective layer comprising lithium metal oxide when reacted with a metal containing reactant. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The powder of claim 5, wherein the metal of the metal containing reactant comprises aluminum, and the protective layer comprises lithium aluminum oxide. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the particles are adapted for use in an electrode. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the lithium-containing particles comprise manganese having a valence state of at least one of Mn2+, Mn3+ or Mn4+. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the lithium-containing particles comprise nickel having a valence state of at least one of Ni2+, Ni3+ or Ni4+. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the lithium-containing particles are anode particles. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The powder of claim 10, wherein the anode particles are lithium titanium oxide particles and the protective layer comprises a metal oxide. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The powder of claim 11, wherein the lithium titanium oxide particles have a specific surface area of maximally 90 m2/g. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The powder of claim 1, wherein the lithium-containing particles are cathode particles. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The powder of claim 13, wherein the cathode particles have a specific surface area of maximally 6.4 m2/g. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The powder of claim 13, wherein the cathode particles comprise lithium metal oxide or a lithium metal phosphate, wherein the metal comprises at least one of Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron, Titanium, and/or Manganese. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The powder of claim 15, wherein the lithium metal oxide comprises at least one of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, or lithium nickel manganese oxide. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A battery comprising the powder of claim 1, wherein the lithium-containing particles comprise anode particles and cathode particles. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The battery of claim 17, wherein the anode particles are lithium titanium oxide particles and the protective layer comprises a metal oxide, wherein the lithium titanium oxide particles have a specific surface area of maximally 90 m2/g, wherein the cathode particles have a specific surface area of maximally 6.4 m2/g, wherein the cathode particles comprise lithium metal oxide or a lithium metal phosphate, and wherein the metal comprises at least one of Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron, Titanium, and/or Manganese. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The battery of claim 17, having a battery output voltage of 3.2 to 3.4 Volts. ### Claim 20 A battery comprising an anode layer and a cathode layer, wherein the cathode layer comprises lithium metal oxide or a lithium metal phosphate, wherein the metal comprises at least one of Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron, Titanium, and/or Manganese, wherein the cathode particles have a dry, uniform protective layer, and wherein the anode layer comprises lithium titanium oxide particles. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The battery of claim 20, wherein the lithium metal oxide comprises at least one of lithium manganese oxide or lithium nickel manganese oxide. ### Claim 22 A powder comprising a plurality of lithium-containing particles having a dry, uniform protective layer of up to 2 nm in thickness.