# US 2017/0257232 A1 · Equalizer apparatus and viterbi algorithm based decision method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2017/0257232 A1 - Document ID: US20170257232A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/196,223 - Filed: 2016-06-29 - Published: 2017-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2016-03-02 - Assignees: MStar Semiconductor, Inc. - Applicants: MStar Semiconductor, Inc. - Inventors: Chih-Cheng KUO; Wen-Chieh YANG; Tai-Lai TUNG - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20170257232A1 ## CPC - H04L 25/03019: {adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception} - H04L 25/03146: {with a recursive structure (H04L25/03127 takes precedence)} - H04L 25/03267: {with decision feedback equalisers} - H04L 27/36: Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits - H04L 27/3416: {in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract An equalizer apparatus includes a feedforward filter, a slicer circuit and a feedback circuit. The feedforward filter processes an input signal. The slicer circuit includes a Viberbi decoding circuit coupled to the feedforward filter, and performs a Viberbi algorithm based decision operation to generate a decision signal according to an output signal of the feedforward filter and a feedback signal of the feedback filter. The feedback filter generates the feedback signal according to the decision result signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An equalizer apparatus, comprising: a feedforward filter, processing an input signal; a slicer circuit, comprising a Viterbi decoding circuit coupled to the feedforward filter, performing a decision operation based on a Viterbi algorithm according to an output signal of the feedforward filter and a feedback signal to generate a decision result signal; and a feedback filter, coupled to the slicer circuit, generating the feedback signal according to the decision result signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output signal of the feedforward filter and the feedback signal of the feedback filter form an input signal of the slicer circuit, the slicer circuit first performs the Viterbi algorithm to select a predetermined state corresponding to a predetermined metric, determines a set of candidate symbols corresponding to the predetermined state and a set of non-candidate symbols not corresponding to the predetermined state, and determines whether the input signal of the slicer circuit falls in a set of decision intervals corresponding to the set of non-candidate symbols to perform the decision operation to generate the decision result signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the slicer circuit comprises: a multiplexer, coupled to the Viterbi decoding circuit, receiving the input signal; and an arbitrator, coupled to the Viterbi decoding circuit and the multiplexer, adaptively selecting a Viterbi decision result signal generated by the Viterbi decoding circuit as the decision result signal according to the Viterbi decision result signal and the input signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the input signal of the slicer circuit falls outside the set of decision intervals, the slicer circuit selects a signal level of a neighboring candidate symbol corresponding to the input signal of the slicer circuit from the set of candidate symbols and generates the decision result signal according to the selected signal level. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the input signal of the slicer circuits falls in a decision interval of the set of decision intervals, the slicer circuit selects a corresponding signal level in the decision interval and generates the decision result signal according to the selected signal level. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the corresponding signal level in the decision interval is a level of the input signal of the slicer circuit. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 5, wherein one symbol of the set of non-candidate symbols corresponds to the decision interval, and the corresponding signal level in the decision interval is a signal level corresponding to the symbol of the set of non-candidate symbols. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The equalizer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the decision operation based on the Viterbi algorithm performed by the slicer circuit performs decision on a signal level value of a trellis coded modulation (TCM) symbol signal. ### Claim 9 A decision method, applied to an equalizer apparatus, comprising: processing an input signal by a feedforward filter; performing a decision operation based on a Viterbi algorithm according to an output signal of the feedforward filter and a feedback signal to generate a decision result signal; and generating the feedback signal according to the decision result signal by a feedback filter. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The decision method according to claim 9, wherein the output signal of the feedforward filter and the feedback signal of the feedback filter form an input signal of the decision operation, and the step of performing the decision operation based on the Viterbi algorithm comprises: performing the Viterbi algorithm to select a predetermined state corresponding to a predetermined metric, determining a set of candidate symbols corresponding to the predetermined state and a set of non-candidate symbols not corresponding to the predetermined state; and determining whether the input signal of the decision operation falls in a set of decision intervals corresponding to the set of non-candidate symbols to perform the decision operation to generate the decision result signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The decision method according to claim 10, further comprising: determining whether the input signal falls in the set of decision intervals; and adaptively selecting the Viterbi decision result signal as the decision result signal according to the Viterbi decision result signal and the input signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The decision method according to claim 10, wherein the step of determining whether the input signal of the decision operation falls in the set of decision intervals to generate the decision result signal comprises: when the input signal of the decision operation falls outside the set of decision intervals, selecting a signal level of a neighboring candidate corresponding to the input signal of the decision operation from the set of candidate symbols, and generating the decision result signal according to the selected signal level. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The decision method according to claim 10, wherein the step of determining whether the input signal of the decision operation falls in the set of decision intervals to generate the decision result signal comprises: when the input signal of the decision operations falls in a decision interval of the set of decision intervals, selecting a corresponding signal level in the decision interval to generate the decision result signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The decision method according to claim 13, wherein the corresponding signal level in the decision interval is a level of the input signal of the decision operation. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The decision method according to claim 13, wherein one symbol of the set of non-candidate symbols corresponds to the decision interval, and the corresponding signal level in the decision interval is a signal level corresponding to the symbol of the set of non-candidate symbols. ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) The decision method according to claim 9, wherein the decision operation based on the Viterbi algorithm performed by the slicer circuit performs decision on a signal level value of a trellis coded modulation (TCM) symbol signal.