# US 2017/0254286 A1 · Engine control system for reducing particulate matter > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2017/0254286 A1 - Document ID: US20170254286A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/061,522 - Filed: 2016-03-04 - Published: 2017-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2016-03-04 - Assignees: General Electric Company - Applicants: General Electric Company - Inventors: Roy James Primus; Thomas Michael Lavertu; Adam Edgar Klingbeil - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20170254286A1 ## CPC - F02D 41/182: {for the control of a fuel injection device} - F02D 41/1458: {with determination means using an estimation} - F02D 41/263: {the program execution being modifiable by physical parameters} - F02D 41/3011: {according to or using specific or several modes of combustion} - F02D 41/405: {with post injections} - F02M 65/001: {Measuring fuel delivery of a fuel injector} - F02D 41/266: {the computer being backed-up or assisted by another circuit, e.g. analogue} - Y02T 10/40: Engine management systems - F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W) - F02M: SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A control system for an engine includes one or more processors configured to determine when a change in one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to an engine. The one or more processors also are configured to, responsive to determining the change in oxygen and/or fuel supplied to an engine, direct one or more fuel injectors of the engine to begin injecting fuel into one or more cylinders of the engine during both a first fuel injection and a second fuel injection during each cycle of a multi-stroke engine cycle of the one or more cylinders. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A control system for an engine, the control system comprising: one or more processors configured to determine a change in one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to one or more cylinders of an engine, wherein the one or more processors also are configured to, responsive to determining the change in the one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to the one or more cylinders of the engine, direct one or more fuel injectors of the engine to begin injecting fuel into the one or more cylinders of the engine during both a first fuel injection and a second fuel injection during each cycle of a multi-stroke engine cycle of the one or more cylinders. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to determine the change in the one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to the engine as a decrease in an oxygen-to-fuel ratio (OFR) of the engine. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The control system of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors are configured to direct the one or more fuel injectors to begin injecting the fuel during both the first and second fuel injections responsive to the OFR of the engine decreasing below at least a first threshold. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The control system of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are configured to, responsive to determining that the OFR of the engine decreases below a smaller, second threshold, direct the one or more fuel injectors to begin injecting the fuel into the one or more cylinders during the first fuel injection, the second fuel injection, and at least a third fuel injection during each cycle of the multi-stroke engine cycle. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein, prior to the one or more processors determining the change in the one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to the engine, the one or more processors are configured to direct the one or more fuel injectors of the engine to inject the fuel into the one or more cylinders of the engine during only the first fuel injection during the engine cycle of the one or more cylinders. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to determine the change in the one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to the engine responsive to one or more of a temperature measurement of the engine changing, a pressure measurement of the engine decreasing, a measurement of an amount of the oxygen that is input into the engine decreasing, or a measurement of an amount of fuel injected into the one or more cylinders increasing relative to one or more of a previous temperature measurement, a previous pressure measurement, a previous measurement of the amount of oxygen, or a previous measurement of the amount of fuel with the engine operating in a common operative state when the one or more of the temperature measurement, the pressure measurement, the measurement of the amount of oxygen, or the measurement of the amount of fuel are obtained and when the one or more of the previous temperature measurement, the previous pressure measurement, the previous measurement of the amount of oxygen, or the previous measurement of the amount of fuel are obtained. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The control system of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are configured to obtain at least one of the temperature measurement or the pressure measurement of one or more of air in an intake manifold of the engine, air in an outlet of a turbocharger that is upstream of the engine, or recirculated exhaust from the engine. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to change one or more of a period of time between the first fuel injection and the second fuel injection or a duration of the second fuel injection during the multiple stroke engine cycle of the one or more cylinders based on an operative state of the engine. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The control system of claim 5, wherein the operative state includes one or more of a load placed on the engine or a throttle setting of the engine. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The control system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to determine the change in the one or more of oxygen or fuel supplied to all of the cylinders of the engine. ### Claim 11 A method for controlling an engine, the method comprising: determining when an oxygen-to-fuel ratio (OFR) of an engine decreases below at least a first threshold; and responsive to determining that the OFR of the engine has decreased below at least the first threshold, directing one or more fuel injectors of the engine to begin injecting fuel into one or more cylinders of the engine during both a first fuel injection and a second fuel injection during each cycle of a multi-stroke cycle of the one or more cylinders. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising calculating the OFR based on a measured amount of oxygen that is input into the engine and a measured of amount of fuel that is injected into the one or more cylinders. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein, prior to determining that the OFR of the engine has decreased below the at least the first threshold, directing the one or more fuel injectors of the engine to inject fuel into the one or more cylinders of the engine during only the first fuel injection during each cycle of the one or more cylinders. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein determining when the OFR of the engine decreases below the at least the first threshold includes determining one or more of a change in a temperature measurement of the engine, a decrease in a pressure measurement of the engine, a decrease in a measurement of an amount of oxygen input into the engine, or a measurement of an amount of fuel that is injected into the one or more cylinders. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more of the temperature measurement, the pressure measurement, the measurement of the amount of oxygen, or the measurement of the amount of fuel indicates the decrease in the OFR of the engine responsive to one or more of the temperature measurement changing, the pressure measurement decreasing, the measurement of the amount of oxygen decreasing, or the measurement of the amount of fuel increasing relative to one or more of a previous temperature measurement, a previous pressure measurement, a previous measurement of the amount of oxygen, or a previous measurement of the amount of fuel with the engine operating in a common operative state when the one or more of the temperature measurement, the pressure measurement, the measurement of the amount of oxygen, or the measurement of the amount of fuel are obtained and when one or more of a previous temperature measurement, a previous pressure measurement, the previous measurement of the amount of oxygen, or the previous measurement of the amount of fuel are obtained. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the one or more of the temperature measurement or the pressure measurement are measured in one or more of air in an intake manifold of the engine, air exiting an outlet of a turbocharger compressor disposed upstream of the engine, or an exhaust from the engine. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising changing one or more of a period of time between the first fuel injection and the second fuel injection or a duration of the second fuel injection during the multi-stroke engine cycle of the one or more cylinders based on an operative state of the engine. ### Claim 18 A control system for an engine, the control system comprising: a temperature sensor configured to obtain temperature measurements in one or more of an intake manifold of the engine or in air that is output from a compressor disposed upstream from the engine; a pressure sensor configured to obtain pressure measurements in the one or more of the intake manifold of the engine or the air that is output from the compressor; and one or more processors configured to examine the temperature measurements and the pressure measurements in order to identify a decrease in an oxygen-to-fuel ratio (OFR) of the engine, wherein the one or more processors also are configured to, responsive to identifying the decrease in the OFR of the engine, direct fuel injectors of the engine to begin injecting fuel into cylinders of the engine during both a primary fuel injection and a post fuel injection during each engine cycle of the cylinders. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The control system of claim 18, wherein, prior to the one or more processors identifying the decrease in the OFR of the engine, the one or more processors are configured to direct the fuel injectors of the engine to inject the fuel into the one or more cylinders of the engine during only the primary fuel injection during each power stroke of the engine cycle of the cylinders. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The control system of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are configured to identify the decrease in the OFR of the engine responsive to one or more of the temperature measurements increasing or the pressure measurements decreasing. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The control system of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are configured to identify the decrease in the OFR responsive to the one or more of the temperature measurements increasing or the pressure measurements decreasing during time periods that the engine operates in a common operative state. ### Claim 22 (depends on 18) The control system of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are configured to change a period of time between the primary fuel injection and the post fuel injection during the engine cycle of the one or more cylinders based on an operative state of the engine. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The control system of claim 22, wherein the operative state includes one or more of a load placed on the engine or a throttle setting of the engine. ### Claim 24 (depends on 18) The control system of claim 18, wherein the one or more processors are configured to direct the fuel injectors to begin injecting the fuel into cylinders of the engine during both the primary fuel injection and the post fuel injection during each engine cycle of the cylinders of the cylinders responsive to one or more of: a decrease in an amount of oxygen supplied to the engine, a change in ambient temperature, a change in ambient pressure, a change in ambient oxygen, the engine moving to a location having reduced limits on an amount of allowable emissions from the engine relative to the previous location, or the engine consuming more fuel while still operating at a common throttle setting relative to a previous time.