Method, apparatus and special phosphorus recovery device for recovering yellow phosphorus from electric furnace phosphorus-producing furnace gas

A method for producing yellow phosphorus by using a large-scale phosphorus-preparing electric furnace with self-baking electrodes comprises the following steps of that:

• 1) in the case of ensuring that the temperature of the furnace gas resulting from preparing phosphorus by the electric furnace is equal to or more than the dew point temperature of the phosphorus vapor in the furnace gas resulting from preparing phosphorus by the electric furnace, a dry dedusting system is employed for dedusting and purifying said furnace gas resulting from preparing phosphorus by the electric furnace, thereby reducing the solid content of the furnace gas resulting from preparing phosphorus by the electric furnace to be equal to or less than 10-50 mg/m3;
• 2) the purified furnace gas is delivered to a phosphorus collecting apparatus (7) having a heat exchanging chamber (705) consisting of a shell (701) and a recuperator (702) set in the heat exchanging chamber, and said furnace gas flows into the heat exchanging chamber (705) so as to fully contact with the recuperator (702);
• 3) a low temperature medium is introduced into the internal flow path of the recuperator (702), the low temperature medium and said furnace gas are heat transferred by a non-mixing means under the isolation of the recuperator (702), so that the yellow phosphorus is condensed, precipitated and adhered to the surface of the recuperator (702), and the exhaust gas after heat exchanging is discharged from the phosphorus collecting apparatus (7);
• and
• 4) a high temperature medium for replacing the low temperature medium is introduced into the internal flow path of the recuperator (702), the high temperature medium and the yellow phosphorus adhered to the surface of the recuperator (702) are heat transferred by the non-mixing means, so that the yellow phosphorus melts and drops into a phosphorus collecting tank (703) at the bottom of the phosphorus collecting apparatus (7), and then the yellow phosphorus is obtained through the phosphorus collecting tank (703);
• wherein, said furnace gas resulting from preparing phosphorus by the electric furnace is the high temperature furnace gas produced by the following steps of that:
• a mixture proportionally prepared by phosphorus ore, silica and coke is fed into the large-scale phosphorus-preparing electric furnace with self-baking electrodes, a reduction reaction is performed by the mixture within the large-scale phosphorus-preparing electric furnace with self-baking electrodes to generate the furnace gas, and the furnace gas escapes from the reacting and melting zone, passes through a furnace gas filtering layer which is formed within the upper portion of the furnace by the mixture continuously supplied, then carries a part of impurities in the mixture, and is discharged from the large-scale phosphorus-preparing electric furnace with self-baking electrodes.