# US 2016/0356003 A1 · Concrete runways, roads, highways and slabs on grade and methods of making same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2016/0356003 A1 - Document ID: US20160356003A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/243,373 - Filed: 2016-08-22 - Published: 2016-12-08 - Earliest claimed: 2012-09-25 - Inventors: Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20160356003A1 ## CPC - C04B 28/04: Portland cements - B28B 1/14: by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted (for molten material B28B1/54) - C04B 28/08: Slag cements - E01C 3/06: Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration {(heating devices E01C11/26; draining the subbase of roads E01F5/00)} - E01C 7/14: Concrete paving {(from concrete prepared in situ E01C7/12; small individual units from concrete cast in situ E01C9/001; arrangement or construction of joints E01C11/04; reinforcements E01C11/18)} - E01C 7/142: {Mixtures or their components, e.g. aggregate (E01C7/147, E01C7/355 take precedence)} - E01C 7/36: by subjecting soil to stabilisation {(E01C7/06 takes precedence; foundations E01C3/04; soil conditioning or soil stabilising materials C09K17/00; soil stabilisation devices for road construction E01C21/00)} - E01C 9/00: Special pavings (specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds E01C13/00, for footpaths, sidewalks or cycle tracks E01C15/00); Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields (pavement lights E01C17/00; manholes or like covers or frames E02D29/14) - E01C 9/001: {Paving elements formed in situ; Permanent shutterings therefor (removable shutterings E01C19/502; moulding machines therefor E01C19/508); Inlays or reinforcements which divide the cast material in a great number of individual units (reinforcement girders which do not break the cohesion of the covering material E01C11/16, E01C11/185)} - E01C 11/18: for cement concrete pavings {(prefabricated reinforced units E01C5/08)} - E01C 23/03: Arrangements for curing paving; Devices for applying curing means; Devices for laying prefabricated underlay, e.g. sheets, membranes (reinforcing elements E01C23/04); Protecting paving under construction or while curing, e.g. use of tents (road barriers E01F13/00) - E04G 13/00: Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies {foundations, sills (E04G11/365 takes precedence; flat foundations, e.g. with lost forms E02D27/01; removable forms or shutterings for road-building purposes E01C19/50)} - E04G 21/246: {specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets} - C04B 2111/00612: {as one or more layers of a layered structure} - C04B 2111/0075: {for road construction} - Y02W 30/91: Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete - Y02W 90/00: Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation - Y10T 428/31504: Composite [nonstructural laminate] - C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE - B28B: SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (foundry moulding B22C; working stone or stone-like material B28D; shaping of substances in a plastic state, in general B29C; making layered products not composed wholly of these substances B32B) - E01C: CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR (forming roads or like surfaces by compacting or grading snow or ice E01H) - E04G: SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS - Y02W: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract The invention comprises a method of forming a slab on grade. The method comprises placing a first layer of insulating material horizontally on the ground and placing plastic concrete for a slab on grade on the first layer of insulating material. The plastic concrete is then formed into a desired shape having a top and sides. A second layer of insulating material is placed on the top of the plastic concrete and the first and second layers of insulating material are left in place until the concrete is at least partially cured. The second layer of insulating material is then removed. The product made by the method is also disclosed. A slab on grade is also disclosed. ## Claims ### Claim at position 1 1-30. (canceled) ### Claim 31 A method comprising: placing a plastic cementitious material in an insulated concrete form, wherein the cementitious material consists essentially of: approximately 30% to approximately 80% by weight portland cement, the remaining cementitious material comprising one or more pozzolanic materials; and allowing the cementitious material to at least partially cure in the insulated concrete form such that the temperature of the cementitious material, when plotted versus time, forms an initially ascending curve followed by a descending curve, wherein the descending curve lasts for greater than or equal to 24 hours. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the descending curve lasts for greater than or equal to 48 hours. ### Claim 33 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the one or more pozzolanic materials are slag cement, fly ash, silica fume, rice husk ash, metakaolin, or other siliceous, aluminous or aluminosiliceous materials that react with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water. ### Claim 34 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 70% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 35 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 60% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 36 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 50% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 37 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the insulated concrete form has an R-value of greater than 4. ### Claim 38 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the insulated concrete form has an R-value of greater than 8. ### Claim 39 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the insulated concrete form comprises a pair of rectangular, vertically oriented insulating layers horizontally spaced from each other. ### Claim 40 (depends on 31) The method of claim 31, wherein the insulated concrete form comprises a pair of rectangular, horizontally oriented insulating layers vertically spaced from each other. ### Claim 41 A method comprising: placing a plastic cementitious material in an insulated concrete form, wherein the cementitious material consists essentially of: approximately 30% to approximately 80% by weight portland cement, the remaining cementitious material comprising one or more pozzolanic materials; and allowing the cementitious material to at least partially cure in the insulated concrete form such that the temperature of the cementitious material achieves a temperature greater than the same cementitious material would achieve in a non-insulated concrete form and the temperature remains at a greater temperature for a time greater than or equal to 24 hours. ### Claim 42 (depends on 41) The method of claim 41, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 70% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 43 (depends on 41) The method of claim 41, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 60% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 44 (depends on 41) The method of claim 41, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 50% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 45 (depends on 45) The method of claim 45, wherein the insulated concrete form has an R-value of greater than 4. ### Claim 46 (depends on 45) The method of claim 45, wherein the insulated concrete form has an R-value of greater than 8. ### Claim 47 A method comprising: placing a plastic cementitious material in an insulated concrete form, wherein the cementitious material consists essentially of: approximately 30% to approximately 80% by weight portland cement, the remaining cementitious material comprising one or more pozzolanic materials; and allowing the cementitious material to at least partially cure in the insulated concrete form such that the temperature of the cementitious material, when plotted versus time, forms an initially ascending curve followed by a descending curve, wherein the temperature of the cementitious material achieves a temperature greater than the same cementitious material would achieve in a non-insulated concrete form and remains at a greater temperature for a time greater than or equal to 24 hours and wherein the descending curve lasts for greater than or equal to 24 hours. ### Claim 48 (depends on 47) The method of claim 47, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 60% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 49 (depends on 47) The method of claim 47, wherein the portland cement comprises approximately 30% to approximately 50% by weight portland cement. ### Claim 50 (depends on 47) The method of claim 47, wherein the insulated concrete form has an R-value of at least 4.