# US 2016/0355693 A1 · Coating compositions for security elements and holograms > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2016/0355693 A1 - Document ID: US20160355693A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 15/224,789 - Filed: 2016-08-01 - Published: 2016-12-08 - Earliest claimed: 2009-11-27 - Assignees: BASF SE - Applicants: BASF SE - Inventors: Nikolay A. GRIGORENKO; Michelle Richert - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20160355693A1 ## CPC - C09D 7/61: inorganic - B05D 3/007: {After-treatment} - B41M 3/148: {Transitory images, i.e. images only visible from certain viewing angles} - B44F 1/14: Iridescent effects - C09D 5/29: for multicolour effects - C09D 7/67: {Particle size smaller than 100 nm} - C09D 7/68: {Particle size between 100-1000 nm} - C09D 7/70: {characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres} - C09D 11/037: characterised by the pigment - C09D 11/101: Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing - C09D 11/107: from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof - C09D 11/14: based on carbohydrates - C09D 11/50: Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks - C08K 3/08: Metals - C08K 2003/0806: {Silver} - C08K 2201/016: Additives defined by their aspect ratio - Y10T 156/10: Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor - Y10T 428/24851: Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential - Y10T 428/25: Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles - Y10T 428/256: Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02) - B41M: PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING, (correction of typographical errors B41J; processes for applying transfer pictures or the like B44C1/16; fluid media for correction of typographical errors by coating C09D10/00; printing textiles D06P) - B44F: SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES - C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09) - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract The present invention relates to the use of coating compositions, comprising shaped transition metal, especially silver, particles and a binder, wherein the ratio of pigment to binder is preferably such that the resulting coating shows an angle dependent colour change, for the production of security elements and holograms. When the coating compositions of the present invention are used in coating a hologram the obtained products show a an angle dependent colour change (flip/flop effect), different colours in reflection and transmission, an extremely bright OVD image and extremely strong rainbow effect, high purity and contrast. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for forming for forming an optically variable image or device on a substrate, the method comprising: a) forming an optically variable image (OVI) on a discrete portion of the substrate; and b) depositing a coating composition comprising platelet shaped transition metal particles having a longest dimension of edge length of from 15 nm to 1000 nm and a thickness of from 2 nm to 100 nm, wherein the transition metal of the shaped transition metal particle is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu, Au, and Pd, and a binder on at least a portion of the OVI, to obtain a coating. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the binder comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), alcohol soluble propionate (ASP), vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl acetate, vinyl, acrylic, polyurethane, polyamide, rosin ester, hydrocarbon, aldehyde, ketone, urethane, polythyleneterephthalate, terpene phenol, polyolefin, silicone, cellulose, polyamide, polyester and a rosin ester resin. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the forming comprises a1) applying a curable compound to at least a portion of the substrate; a2) forming an optically variable image on at least a portion of the curable compound; and a3) curing the curable compound. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of the platelet shaped transition metal particle to the binder in the coating composition is such that a resulting coating shows a variation of color as a function of the viewing angle. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the transition metal of the shaped transition metal particle is Cu. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the transition metal of the shaped transition metal particle is Au. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the transition metal of the shaped transition metal particle is Pd. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the platelet shaped transition metal particle has a longest dimension of edge length from 15 nm to 600 nm. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the platelet shaped transition metal particle has a longest dimension of edge length from 20 nm to 500 nm. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the platelet shaped transition metal particle has a thickness from 4 nm to 30 nm. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the platelet shaped transition metal particle has a ratio of longest dimension of edge length to thickness of at least 1.5. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the ratio is 1.5 to 300. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of the platelet shaped transition metal particle to the binder in the coating composition is from about 1:10 to about 10:1. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the shaped transition metal particle comprises a hexagonal prism, a triangular prism, a truncated triangular prism, or a mixture thereof, which prisms make up more than 20% of a total number of shaped transition metal particles. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the prisms make up more than 30% of a total number of shaped transition metal particles. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the platelet shaped transition metal particle is monocrystalline. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is transparent. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the coating shows different colors in reflection and transmission. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the coating exhibits an angle dependent color change ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) A method of preventing counterfeiting and/or reproduction of an article, the method comprising carrying out the method of claim 1, thereby forming an element, and applying the element to an article selected from the group consisting of a document of value, a document of right, a document of identity, a security label and a branded good.