Artificial sensors and methods of manufacture thereof
OwnerMaarij Baig, Huayi Gao +3inventors
InventorsMaarij Baig, Huayi Gao, Kam Chiu Tam, Vivek Maheshwari, Xinyun Wu
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Abstract
Various embodiments are described herein for artificial sensors that have prolonged life-span and stability in harsh environments compared to sensors which use natural enzymes which easily denature under varying conditions. These sensors may be composed of novel nanostructures, and may be artificial sensors or artificial non-enzymatic sensors. In some embodiments, an artificial sensor may include a modulating and/or a cleansing electrode 4-electrode system.
Claims52
An artificial sensor for sensing target analytes, wherein the artificial sensor comprises:
- a working electrode that is configured to provide a detection signal indicating detection of the target analytes during a sensing phase;
- a reference electrode that is configured to provide a reference level for measurements made at the working electrode;
- a counter electrode that is configured to provide a current source or a current sink for the working electrode during use;
- and
- at least one additional electrode that is configured to improve signal to noise ratio of the detection signal when provided with a control voltage during use.
A method of sensing target analytes using an artificial sensor, wherein the method comprises:
- providing a detection signal at a working electrode indicating detection of the target analytes thereabout during a sensing phase;
- providing a reference level at a reference electrode for providing a baseline for measurements made at the working electrode;
- providing a current source or a current sink at a counter electrode to provide or remove current from the working electrode during use;
- and
- applying a control voltage to at least one additional electrode to improve signal to noise ratio of the detection signal.
A working electrode for an artificial sensor that detects target analytes, wherein the working electrode comprises:
- a base electrode that is conductive;
- an intermediary layer disposed adjacent to the base electrode;
- comprising growth sites;
- and
- an artificial functional layer that is coupled to the intermediary layer and configured to provide an artificial sensing function, the artificial functional layer comprising at least one artificial catalyst.
A method for creating an artificial sensor for detecting target analytes, wherein the method comprises:
- creating a base electrode;
- creating an intermediary layer on the base electrode;
- and
- creating an artificial functional layer on the intermediary layer.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.