# US 2016/0111720 A1 · Metastable vanadium oxide cathode materials for rechargeable magnesium battery

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- Number: US 2016/0111720 A1
- Document ID: US20160111720A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 14/515,844
- Filed: 2014-10-16
- Published: 2016-04-21
- Earliest claimed: 2014-10-16
- Assignees: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.
- Applicants: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.
- Inventors: Timothy S. ARTHUR; Fuminori MIZUNO; Ruigang ZHANG
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20160111720A1

## CPC

- H01M 4/5825: {Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines}
- C01G 31/02: Oxides
- H01M 4/485: of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence)
- H01M 10/054: Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
- C01P 2002/72: by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
- C01P 2004/03: obtained by SEM
- C01P 2004/61: Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
- C01P 2006/40: Electric properties
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- C01G: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts or peroxyacids C01B15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium, or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds containing nitrogen, other non-metals and metal C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20)
- C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A magnesium electrochemical cell having a positive electrode containing as an active ingredient, a material of formula [V2O5]c [MaOb] d and/or a material of formula [V2O5]c[MaOb]d[MgXe]g in a metastable structural and morphological phase is provided. In the formulas M is an element selected from the group consisting of P, B, Si, Ge and Mo; and X is 0 or a halide.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A cathode for a magnesium battery comprising:
a current collector; and
an active material of formula (I):
[V2O5]c[MaOb]d (I)
wherein
M is an element selected from the group consisting of P, B, Si, Ge and Mo,
a is an integer of from 1 to 2,
b is an integer of from 1 to 5,
c is from 35 to 80 mol %,
d is from 20 to 65 mol %, and
the active material of formula (I) is a metastable structural and morphological phase between an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The cathode according to claim 1, wherein a content of the V2O5 is from 50 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The cathode according to claim 1, wherein a content of the V2O5 is from 70 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The cathode according to claim 1, wherein a content of the V2O5 is 75 mol %.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The cathode according to claim 1, wherein MaOb is at least one material selected from the group consisting of P2O5, B2O3, S102, GeO2 and MoO3.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The cathode according to claim 1, wherein MaOb is P2O5.

### Claim 7

A cathode for a magnesium battery comprising:
a current collector; and
an active material of formula (II):
[V2O5]c[MaOb]d[MgXe]g (II)
wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of P, B, Si, Ge and Mo, X is O, F, Cl, Br, or I, a is an integer of from 1 to 2, b is an integer of from 1 to 5, c is from 35 to 80 mol %, g is from greater than 0 to 25 mol %, e is 1 when X is O, e is 2 when X is F, Cl, Br, or I, and the sum of c, d and g is substantially 100%, and the active material of formula (II) is a metastable structural and morphological phase between an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The cathode according to claim 7, wherein a content of the V2O5 is from 50 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The cathode according to claim 7, wherein MaOb is at least one material selected from the group consisting of P2O5, B2O3, SiO2, GeO2 and MoO3.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The cathode according to claim 7, wherein MaOb is P2O5.

### Claim 11

A magnesium battery comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte;
wherein the cathode comprises:
an active material of formula (I):
[V2O5]c[MaOb]d (I)
wherein
M is an element selected from the group consisting of P, B, Si, Ge and Mo,
a is an integer of from 1 to 2,
b is an integer of from 1 to 5,
c is from 35 to 80 mol %,
d is from 20 to 65 mol %, and
the active material of formula (I) is a metastable structural and morphological phase between an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The magnesium battery according to claim 11, wherein a content of the V2O5 in the compound of formula (I) is from 50 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The magnesium battery according to claim 11, wherein a content of the V2O5 in the compound of formula (I) is from 70 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The magnesium battery according to claim 11, wherein a content of the V2O5 in the compound of formula (I) is 75 mol %.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The magnesium battery according to claim 11, wherein MaOb is at least one material selected from the group consisting of P2O5, B2O3, SiO2, GeO2 and MoO3.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The magnesium battery according to claim 11, wherein MaOb is P2O5.

### Claim 17

A magnesium battery comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte;
wherein the cathode comprises:
an active material of formula (II):
[V2O5]c[MaOb]d[MgXe]g (II)
wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of P, B, Si, Ge and Mo, X is O, F, Cl, Br, or I, a is an integer of from 1 to 2, b is an integer of from 1 to 5, c is from 35 to 80 mol %, g is from greater than 0 to 25 mol %, e is 1 when X is O, e is 2 when X is F, Cl, Br, or I, and the sum of c, d and g is substantially 100% and the active material of formula (II) is a metastable structural and morphological phase between an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The magnesium battery according to claim 17, wherein a content of the V2O5 in the compound of formula (II) is from 50 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The magnesium battery according to claim 17, wherein a content of the V2O5 in the compound of formula (II) is from 70 to 80 mol %.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The magnesium battery according to claim 17, wherein MaOb is at least one material selected from the group consisting of P2O5, B2O3, SiO2, GeO2 and MoO3.