A liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal composition is disposed between a first substrate provided with a common electrode and a color filter layer and a second substrate provided with a plurality of pixels each having a pixel electrode, the liquid crystal display device comprising:
- orientation controlling layers formed of at least two polymerizable compounds and disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer and between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer without the presence of an alignment film, wherein
- each of the pixels has at least two regions having different directions of pretilt, and
- the liquid crystal composition contains a compound represented by General Formula (I)
- (where R1α and R2α each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
- Q1 represents a 1,4-phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group;
- l1 represents 1 or 2;
- and in the case where l1 is 2, the two Q1's may be the same as or different from each other) and a compound represented by General Formula (II)
- (where R3α represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
- R4α represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms;
- Q2 represents a 1,4-phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group;
- l2 represents 0, 1, or 2;
- in the case where l2 is 2, the two Q2's may be the same as or different from each other;
- and G1 is a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —CF2O—, or —OCF2—),
- wherein said at least two polymerizable compounds include a first polymerizable compound and a second polymerizable compound, the first polymerizable compound being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by General Formula (X1a), and the second polymerizable compound being at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by General Formula (X2a);
- where A1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
- A2 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms (one or more methylene groups contained in the alkylene group are each independently optionally substituted with an oxygen atom, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— such that oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
- and one or more hydrogen atoms contained in the alkylene group are each independently optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group;
- A3 and A6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (one or more methylene groups contained in the alkyl group are each independently optionally substituted with an oxygen atom, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— such that oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
- and one or more hydrogen atoms contained in the alkyl group are each independently optionally substituted with a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms);
- A4 and A7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (one or more methylene groups contained in the alkyl group are each independently optionally substituted with an oxygen atom, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— such that oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
- and one or more hydrogen atoms contained in the alkyl group are each independently optionally substituted with a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms);
- k is from 1 to 40;
- B1, B2, and B3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (one or more methylene groups contained in the alkyl group are each independently optionally substituted with an oxygen atom, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— such that oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
- and one or more hydrogen atoms contained in the alkyl group are each independently optionally substituted with a halogen atom or a trialkoxysilyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms), or a group represented by General Formula (I-b)
- (where A9 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
- and
- A8 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms (one or more methylene groups contained in the alkylene group are each independently optionally substituted with an oxygen atom, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— such that oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
- and one or more hydrogen atoms contained in the alkylene group are each independently optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group), where among B1, B2, and B3 that are present in the number of 2k+1 in total, the number of the groups represented by General Formula (I-b) is 0 or 1),
- compounds represented by General Formula (XIb)
- (where R7 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
- six-membered rings T1, T2, and T3 each independently represent any of the following structures
- (where m is an integer from 1 to 4);
- n4 represents 0 or 1;
- Y1 and Y2 each independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH≡CH—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —(CH2)4—, —CH2CH2CH2O—, —OCH2CH2CH2—, —CH2═CHCH2CH2—, or —CH2CH2CH═CH—;
- Y3 represents a single bond, —COO—, or —OCO—;
- and
- R8 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), and compounds represented by General Formula (X1c)
- (where R70 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and
- R71 represents a hydrocarbon group having fused rings);
- and
- (where R3 and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
- C4 and C5 each independently represent a 1,4-phenylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a pyridine-2,5-diyl group, a pyrimidine-2,5-diyl group, a pyridazine-3,6-diyl group, a 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl group, a cyclohexene-1,4-diyl group, a decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, a phenanthrene-2,7-diyl group, an anthracene-2,6-diyl group, a 2,6-naphthylene group, or an indane-2,5-diyl group (among these groups, one or more hydrogen atoms of the 1,4-phenylene group, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, 2,6-naphthylene group, and indane-2,5-diyl group are each independently optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a trifluoromethoxy group);
- Z3 and Z5 each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms (one or more methylene groups contained in the alkylene group are each independently optionally substituted with an oxygen atom, —CO—, —COO—, or —OCO— such that oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
- and one or more hydrogen atoms contained in the alkylene group are each independently optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group);
- Z4 represents a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —CH2CH2O—, —OCH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2O—, —OCH2CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2OCO—, —COOCH2CH2—, —CH2CH2COO—, —OCOCH2CH2—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —CH═CHCOO—, —OCOCH═CH—, —COO—, or —OCO—;
- n2 represents 0, 1, or 2;
- and in the case where n2 is 2, multiple C4's may be the same as or different from each other, and multiple Z4's may be the same as or different from each other).