Compositions and methods for selective anion removal
AssigneeChemtreat, Inc.
InventorsJohn RICHARDSON, Vladimir DJUKANOVIC, William HENDERSON
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Methods for removing a target anion entity, such as a phosphate ion, from fluids by treating the fluid with a substrate containing an immobilized rare earth, the substrate being either a first loaded substrate including a first immobilized cationic rare earth, the first loaded substrate being formed by precipitating a rare earth in a clay such that the rare earth is fixed inside a porous structure of the clay and/or fixed on the surface of the clay; or a second loaded substrate comprising a second immobilized cationic rare earth that is bonded to the second loaded substrate via a chelating ligand.
Claims30
A method for removing one or more target anionic entities from a fluid, comprising:
- contacting a fluid comprising a target anionic entity with at least one substrate selected from the group consisting of:
- a clay substrate including a clay with a cationic rare earth that is precipitated in the clay so that the cationic rare earth is fixed or trapped inside a porous structure of the clay and/or fixed on a surface of the clay, and
- a ligand bonded substrate including a cationic rare earth that is bonded to the ligand bonded substrate via a chelating ligand,
- to remove at least a portion of the target anionic entity from the fluid to form a treated fluid.
An apparatus for removing one or more target anionic entities from a fluid, the apparatus comprising:
- a container;
- and
- a clay support medium provided in the container, the clay support medium including a clay, and the clay support medium being loaded with an immobilized cationic rare earth that is precipitated inside a porous structure of the clay and/or on a surface of the clay.
An apparatus for removing one or more target anionic entities from a fluid, the apparatus comprising:
- a container;
- and
- a support medium provided in the container, the support medium being loaded with an immobilized cationic rare earth that is bonded to the support medium via a chelating ligand.
A method for preparing a substrate for removing one or more target anionic entities from a fluid, comprising:
- providing a solution including a rare earth salt;
- combining the solution with a clay so that the rare earth salt is absorbed within the clay;
- and
- then contacting the clay with a base to precipitate a rare earth of the rare earth salt in the clay such that the rare earth is fixed or trapped inside a porous structure of the clay and/or fixed on a surface of the clay.
A method for removing one or more target anionic entities from a fluid, comprising:
- contacting a fluid comprising a target anionic entity with at least one substrate selected from the group consisting of:
- a porous substrate including a cationic rare earth that is precipitated in the porous substrate so that the cationic rare earth is fixed or trapped inside a porous structure of the porous substrate and/or fixed on a surface of the porous substrate, and
- a porous substrate including a cationic rare earth that is bonded to the porous substrate via a chelating ligand,
- to remove at least a portion of the target anionic entity from the fluid to form a treated fluid.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.