Fluid hammers, hydrodynamic sirens, stream reactors, implementation of same, and methods for treatment of fluids
OwnerMax I. FOMITCHEV-ZAMILOVinventor
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A fluid hammer/siren can operate in fast valve mode with no leakage flow. A stream reactor and process for chemical reaction acceleration provides a flow of liquid or gas forming jets, streams, vortices, or walls of cavities/bubbles that collide with each other or with other liquid, solid, or gaseous interfaces with energies (defined as the sum of molecular kinetic plus thermal energy) in excess of a chemical reaction activation energy. Wastewater treatment methods accelerate suspended particles to high velocity in a fluid flow and then decelerate rapidly by stopping the flow for accelerated inertial-force driven separation.
Claims51
A fluid hammer operable in a fast valve mode, comprising:
- a gate arrangement operable to modulate fluid flow therethrough, the gate arrangement including a moveable member having at least one first opening or channel and a stationary member having at least one second opening or channel, wherein superpositioning of one of the first openings or channels and one of the second openings or channels defines a gate channel having a first width;
- an input channel configured to direct fluid flow to the gate arrangement, the input channel having a second width at an interface with the gate arrangement;
- and
- an output channel configured to received fluid flow from the gate arrangement,
- wherein the first width is substantially different from the second width to achieve the fast valve mode, and
- wherein total leakage area due to clearance between the rotating member and the stationary member is not greater than 10% of a largest cross-sectional area formed by said superpositioning of the first and second openings.
A chemical reactor apparatus comprising a plurality of colliding fluid streams where velocity and temperature of the streams satisfy the equation
- K(V)+E(T)≳Ea,
- wherein K(V) is kinetic energy of molecules of the colliding fluid, E(T) is thermal energy of the colliding molecules, and Ea is reaction activation energy.
An apparatus for breaking molecular bonds of a fluid, comprising:
- a first arrangement configured to create macroscopic flow of a fluid such that a molecule of said fluid has a velocity corresponding to a bond disassociation energy of said molecule;
- and
- a second arrangement configured to collide said macroscopic flow of said fluid with an obstacle, said collision resulting in molecular collisions having an energy that exceeds said bond disassociation energy of said molecule.
A method for reaction acceleration of a fluid, comprising:
- creating macroscopic flow of a fluid such that a molecule of said fluid has a velocity corresponding to a reaction activation energy of the reaction of interest;
- and
- colliding said macroscopic flow of said fluid with an obstacle, said collision resulting in molecular collisions having an energy that exceeds the reaction activation energy of the reaction of interest.
A method for accelerating separation of suspended particle in a wastewater stream via rapid deceleration of the wastewater stream, the method comprising:
- directing a flow of wastewater to a fluid hammer having an arrangement operable to periodically close a valve or opening to decelerate said flow, the valve closure time Tc providing a ‘fast valve’ condition defined according to the equation
- TC<L/c,
- wherein L is the length of the rapidly moving flow, and c is the speed of sound, and
- wherein and valve remains closed for a period of time ΔTC that avoids column separation, as defined by the equation
- ΔTC<<2L/c.
Use of a hydrodynamic siren for acoustic well stimulation.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.