Method for manufacturing hollow ingot for retaining ring of large generator by electroslag remelting

A method for manufacturing hollow ingot for retaining ring of large generator by using electroslag remelting characterized by comprising the following steps:

• (1) preparing a number of consumable electrode assemblies, each of which is composed of two parts with the same size;
• (2) adding slag into a slag melting furnace, and powering on to melt the slag into molten slag;
• (3) before pouring the molten slag, lowering the consumable electrode assembly by consumable electrode lifting devices and inserting them into a mold for electroslag remelting of hollow ingot;
• the mold mentioned above is composed of a T-shaped external mold and an internal mold;
• the internal mold is composed of a water cooled cylinder and a cross beam on the top of the water cooled cylinder, the cross beam is fixed on the upper flange of the T-shaped external mold, and a cooling water channel is arranged in the water cooled sleeve for allowing cooling water to flow;
• the T-shaped external mold comprises an upper segment and a lower segment, between which an insulation blanket is arranged and which are respectively installed with a water cooled device;
• the insulation blanket is located below the level of molten slag;
• the lower segment of the T-shaped external mold is also provided with a liquid metal level detecting device;
• before molten slag pouring, during electroslag remelting and before demoulding, there is cooling water flowing in the cooling water channel of the water cooled sleeve and in the water cooled devices of the upper segment and the lower segment of the T-shaped external mold;
• (4) connecting a stub and a water-cooled bottom plate respectively with two terminals of one transformer;
• connecting the upper segment of the T-shaped external mold and the water-cooled bottom plate respectively with two terminals of the other transformer;
• switching on the two transformers;
• (5) pouring the molten slag into the mold when the molten slag is heated to 1650° C. to 1680° C.;
• (6) as the level of the molten slag rises with slag pouring, forming an electric circuit among the stub, the consumable electrode assembly and the water-cooled bottom plate when the consumable electrode assembly comes into contact with the molten slag, and stopping pouring molten slag when the current reaches 8 to 9 kA;
• (7) after pouring the molten slag into the mold, forming a circuit among the upper segment, the water-cooled bottom plate and the transformer connected with them when the molten slag comes into contact with the upper segment, and the current increases with pouring of the molten slag and rising of slag temperature;
• (8) regulating the output current and voltage of the two transformers to the process set value, wherein the current of the transformer connected with the stub and the water-cooled bottom plate is regulated to the process set value of current by electrode movement, and the voltage of the transformer is regulated to the process set value of voltage by a saturable reactor;
• meanwhile, regulating the output voltage of the transformer connected with the mold and the water-cooled bottom plate to keep the current of the transformer within 8 to 10 kA after the current of that transformer reaches 5 to 6 kA;
• (9) the consumable electrode assembly gradually melt in the molten slag, and the formed metal drops through slag gradually gather to the space between the mold and the water-cooled bottom plate, so that the level of the liquid metal rises gradually;
• when the level of the liquid metal comes into contact with the liquid metal level detecting device, the liquid metal level detecting device gets a detection signal;
• at this time, a withdrawing device is started to drive the water-cooled bottom plate to descend for withdrawing;
• (10) exchanging the consumable electrode assembly when the height of the remaining part of the consumable electrodes is 50 to 80 mm;
• lifting the remaining consumable electrode assembly through the consumable electrode lifting devices to separate from the molten slag, which makes the current between the stub and the water-cooled bottom plate to be cut off;
• whereas the power supplying the upper segment of the T-shaped external mold and the water-cooled bottom plate continuously to keep difference between the temperature of the molten slag and the temperature of the slag during electroslag remelting not more than 30° C. so as to avoid slag solidification caused by rapid decline of the temperature of the molten slag due to power cut;
• and
• (11) inserting a subsequent consumable electrode assembly into the molten slag in the mold by the consumable electrode lifting device until the current circuit formed among the stub, the consumable electrode assembly and the water-cooled bottom plate reaches 8 to 9 kA, and repeating steps (8) to (10) until withdrawing is completed, thereby obtaining large hollow ingots for retaining ring of large generator.