Nitrated hydrocarbons, derivatives, and processes for their manufacture

A compound selected from the group consisting of formula I-1, II-1, III-1 and IV-1:

• wherein
• R7, R9, R11 and R13 are independently linear C2-C17 alkyl;
• R8 is H or linear C1-C8 alkyl;
• R10, R12 and R14 are independently H, linear C1-C8 alkyl, or CH2OH,
• or R9, R10, and the carbon to which they are attached form an eight membered cycloalkyl ring,
• or R11, R12, and the carbon to which they are attached form a C9-C11 cycloalkyl ring;
• R13 is C2-C20 alkyl, C3-C12 cycloalkyl, aryl, or aryl-alkyl-;
• R14 is H or C1-C12 alkyl, or R13 and R14 together with the carbon to which they are attached form a C3-C12 cycloalkyl ring;
• R15 is H, or R14, R15, and the atoms to which they are attached form an oxazolidine ring that is optionally substituted with C1-C6 alkyl;
• and
• R16 is H, C1-C12 alkyl, C3-C12 cycloalkyl, or aryl;
• provided that
• when the compound is selected from formula I-1, R7 and R8 together with the carbon to which they are attached form linear C10-C18 alkyl chain, and
• the compound is not 1-nitrodecane, 2-nitrodecane, 1-nitroundecane, 2-nitroundecane, 3-nitroundecane, A-nitroundecane, 5-nitroundecane, 6-nitroundecane, 1-nitrododecane, 2-nitrododecane, 3-nitrododecane, 4-nitrododecane, 5-nitrododecane, 6-nitrododecane, 1-nitrotridecane, 2-nitrotridecane, 3-nitrotridecane, 6-nitrotridecane, 1-nitrotetradecane, 1-nitropentadecane, 1-nitrohexadecane, 2-nitrohexadecane, 1-nitroheptadecane, 1-nitrooctadecane, or 2-nitrooctadecane;
• when the compound is selected from formula II-1, if R10 is H or linear C1-C8 alkyl, R9 and R10 together with the carbon to which they are attached form a linear C5-C18 alkyl chain, or if R10 is CH2OH, R9 is linear C12-C16 alkyl;
• and
• the compound is not 2-nitro-1-hexanol, 2-nitro-1-heptanol, 2-nitro-1-octanol, 2-methyl-2-nitro-1-heptanol, or 2-nitro-1-dodecanol;
• when the compound is selected from formula III-1, if R12 is H or linear C1-C8 alkyl, R11 and R12 together with the carbon to which they are attached form a linear C6-C18 alkyl chain, or if R12 is CH2OH, R11 is linear C7-C17 alkyl;
• and
• the compound is not 2-amino-1-heptanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-hexanol, 2-amino-1-octanol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-amino-1-nonanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-octanol, 2-amino-1-decanol, 2-amino-2-octyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-butyl-1-hexanol, 2-amino-1-undecanol, 2-amino-1-dodecanol, 2-amino-2-decyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-1-tridecanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-dodecanol, 2-amino-1-tetradecanol, 2-amino-2-dodecyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-tridecanol, 2-amino-1-pentadecanol, 2-amino-2-tridecyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-1-hexadecanol, 2-amino-2-tetradecyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-pentadecanol, 2-amino-2-hexyl-1-decanol, 2-amino-1-heptadecanol, 2-amino-2-pentadecyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-1-octadecanol, or 2-amino-2-hexadecyl-1,3-propanediol;
• when the compound is selected from formula IV-1, if R13 is an ethyl group, R14 is not H;
• and
• the compound is not 5-propyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 4,4-diethyl-1-oxa-3-azacyclopentane, 3-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane, 3-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]decane, or 3-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.7]dodecane.