Identification of a Person Having Risk for Developing Type 2 Diabetes

A method of generating metagenomic data for use in identifying an individual having or at risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), comprising:

• (i) selecting a population group to be studied, wherein said population group is based on age or gender, optionally in combination with one or more of geographical location, race/ethnic group, and environmental factors such as food habits;
• (ii) obtaining gut metagenomic sequence data from said population;
• and
• (iii) identifying MGCs from all the metagenomic sequence data from said population.

A method for identifying an individual having or at risk of developing T2D comprising obtaining a gut microbial sample from said individual and determining the levels or abundance of at least 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, or all, of the species and orders selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus. gasseri;

• Roseburia;
• Clostridiales;
• Bacteroides.intestinalis;
• Clostridium lostridioforme;
• Coriobacteriaceae;
• Clostridium;
• Firmicutes;
• Bacteroides.coproccola;
• Faecalibacterium.prausnitzil;
• Clostridia;
• Bacteroides.dorei;
• Eubacteriuraeligens;
• Streptococcus.mutans;
• Lachnospiraceae;
• and Alistipes.