Polymer, a method of preparing the same, composite prepared from the polymer, and electrode and composite membrane each including the polymer or the composite

A polymer comprising a first repeating unit represented by Formula 1:

• wherein, in Formula 1,
• at least one of R1 to R13 is a proton-conducting group, and
• the remaining R1 to R13 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C40 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C40 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C7-C40 arylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C40 heteroarylalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C40 carbocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C40 carbocyclic alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C40 carbocyclic oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C40 carbocyclic alkyloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 heterocyclic group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, and a cyano group, and
• Ar1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C7-C40 arylalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 arylene oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C7-C40 arylalkylene oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C40 heteroarylalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 heteroarylene oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C40 heteroarylalkylene oxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C40 carbocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C40 carbocyclic alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C40 carbocyclic oxy group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C40 carbocyclic alkylene oxy group.