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AssigneeX-Tower Constructions GmbH
InventorPhilipp Wagner
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A tower structure for a wind power plant permits very high hub heights in a cooperation of internal prestress, guying, and a torsionally rigid tower shaft. The tower structure has a tower shaft, a foundation and a transition piece in a region of an upper end of the tower shaft. Guy elements are inclined towards a longitudinal axis of the tower shaft, and extend radially outside an outer skin of the tower shaft. Tension members are radially inside the outer skin to prestress the tower shaft vertically at least in sections. The tower shaft is made of prestressed concrete in a region between the transition piece and the foundation. To control resonance behavior, prestressing and guy elements are acted upon with a variable tensile stress which varies and influences natural frequencies of the tower structure such that no interferences occur between excitation frequencies and the natural frequencies, and such that an aerodynamic absorption is also possible.
A tower structure for a wind power plant, having a tower shaft, a foundation and a transition piece in the region of the upper end of the tower shaft, guy elements being provided which are inclined towards a longitudinal axis (A) of the tower shaft, which extend radially outside the outer skin defined by the tower shaft, and by means of which the tower shaft is guyed at least in sections, characterized in that tension members are provided radially inside the outer skin, by means of which the tower shaft is prestressed vertically at least in sections, and the tower shaft being made of concrete, in particular of prestressed concrete in the region between the transition piece and the foundation.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower shaft has a cross-section enclosing a cavity.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning force in the tension members of the tower structure are configured so as to be adjustable in a variable manner.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the design of the natural frequency of the tower with respect to the excitation frequencies p and 3p according to the Campbell diagram is chosen such that the tower may alternate between hard/hard, hard/soft and soft/soft by a change in the tensioning forces.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the torsion section modulus of the tower shaft construction between the guy plane and the foundation is chosen such that the cooperation of the tensioning force of the tower shaft applied by the tension members, the tensioning force of the guying and the tower shaft construction results in a natural frequency for the tower shaft which is spaced from the excitation frequencies in particular of the rotor unit and the rotor blades (p and 3p).
The tower structure according to any of the receding claims, characterized in that the possible oscillations, in particular also the wind-induced oscillations and harmonics of the guy elements are dampened by oscillation damping elements such as frictional dampers, oscillation interference ropes, oil dampers and magneto-rheologic dampers, and in that the oscillations of the tower shaft are also dampened via propagations through the guy elements by these oscillation damping elements.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension members and/or the guy elements have coated parallel wire strands, coated strand bundles grouted with fat, galvanized wires, ropes, metal bars, carbon fiber or glass fiber lamellas.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims for wind power plants of more than 2 megawatt installed capacity, preferably having a hub height of more than 140 meters, in particular as from a hub height of 170 meters and/or with slenderness ratios of the shaft construction of more than 30 and for multi-bladed rotors, in particular for blade lengths of more than 50 meters.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of wind generators is arranged on the tower shaft.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower structure has a prefabricated element at the base of the tower, which includes openings, ducts and/or tension member abutments.
The tower structure according to claim 21, characterized in that the tension member abutments of the shaft construction can be configured outside on the tower shaft or within the foundation.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tower crown is placed onto the tower shaft, which is composed of at least one further tower element manufactured in a different building method and a different design than the tower shaft.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower shaft can have an outer skin, preferably of textile-reinforced fine concrete or of permanent formwork elements.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower shaft is manufactured in a slipform design.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower shaft has a constant outer cross-section, in particular to the guy element, to form a cylindrical outer skin, the inner diameter of the tower shaft preferably having a non constant inner cross-section.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower structure has several guy planes the guy elements of which preferably converge in common foundations at the bottom.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foundation is formed such that the tensile forces of the guy elements are returned in the foundation and/or the founding of the tower structure by a deviation of the forces.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized that different types of concrete, different shaft cross-sections and different reinforcement degrees are used to avoid harmonics of the tower structure.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper or the sole guy plane divides the height between the spire and the base point of the entire tower construction preferably in a ratio of one to two or in a ratio therebelow.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lower guy plane divides the height between the spire and the base point of the entire tower construction preferably in a ratio of two to one or in a ratio thereabove.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the guying, the tower shaft has reinforcements, in particular one-piece cross-sectional widened portions.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guy element is mounted in a spherical or biaxial manner at least at one end.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the guy point at the tower shaft, the guy element is deviated and returns to the ground.
The tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tower shaft is mounted in a biaxial manner at its base point at the transition to the foundation and is rigidly mounted about its own axis with respect to rotation.
A method of stabilizing a tower structure according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that during operation of the wind power plant, current data on the status of the tower structure is determined and in that the tensile stress in at least one guy element is actively changed depending on this data.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.